Browsing by Author "Genç, Garip"

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Citation - Scopus: 6
18 - Acoustic and Mechanical Properties of Biofibers and Their Composites
(Elsevier, 2022) Koç, Büşra; Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan
In this study, the acoustic and mechanical properties of many biofibers and their composites are presented. First, the sound absorption coefficients and transmission losses of commonly used natural fibers and their composites are presented, by clearly reporting the thickness of the samples, for three different frequency ranges (<500 Hz: low, 500–2000 Hz: medium, and >2000 Hz: high). In addition, the sound absorption coefficients (for low- and medium-frequency ranges) and noise reduction coefficients of some 40-cm-thick samples are overlaid in order to directly compare their performances. Second, the physical properties, such as the density, diameter, and length of biofibers, and mechanical properties, such as the damping (or loss factor) and Young’s modulus of biofibers and their composites, are presented in detail. For comparison purposes, the acoustic and mechanical properties of some conventional materials, such as carbon and glass fibers, are included in the tables and figures. Finally, the effects of some parameters, such as pretreatment, fiber diameter, fiber/matrix ratio, moisture content, manufacturing and machining parameters/techniques, and measurement conditions/methods, on the acoustic and mechanical properties of natural materials are presented. Furthermore, current applications and potential usage areas of natural fibers are briefly discussed.
Citation - Scopus: 3
19 - Identification of the Elastic and Damping Properties of Jute and Luffa Fiber-Reinforced Biocomposites
(Elsevier, 2022) Genç, Garip; Saygılı, Yusuf; Körük, Hasan; Şanlıtürk, Yusuf Kenan; Sanliturk, Kenan Y.
Although there are many studies in the literature on the static mechanical properties of biomaterials such as tensile strength, the dynamic mechanical properties of biomaterials such as modal loss factors have not been investigated in detail. In this study, the Young’s moduli and damping (or loss factors) of some jute and luffa fiber-reinforced biocomposites are investigated. The effects of fiber/resin ratio and thickness on the mechanical properties of the jute and luffa composites are identified via an experimental approach. For this purpose, acoustic and structural frequency response functions of some homogeneous and hybrid jute and luffa composite plates with different fiber/resin ratios and thicknesses are measured. By analyzing the measured frequency response functions using the circle-fit method, the modal frequencies and loss factors of the homogeneous and hybrid composite plates are determined. By assuming that the homogeneous plates are isotropic, the same plates are modeled using the finite element method, and by comparing the experimental and theoretical natural frequencies, the elastic properties of the homogeneous plates are determined. In addition, the same homogeneous plates are modeled by considering an anisotropic material model, and the associated material properties are determined. By using the identified material properties, the finite element models of the hybrid composite plates are developed, and by comparing their experimental and theoretical natural frequencies, the identified elastic material properties are evaluated and validated.
Citation - WoS: 29
Citation - Scopus: 37
Acoustic and Mechanical Properties of Luffa Fiber-Reinforced Biocomposites
(Elsevier, 2019) Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan
This chapter presents an overview of acoustic and mechanical behaviors of luffa fiber reinforced biocomposites. A growing number of studies are examining the composites of biodegradable fibers such as flax, hemp, kenaf and luffa due to the adverse effects of chemical materials on nature. The low cost and superior acoustic and acceptable mechanical properties of biocomposites make them very attractive for practical applications such as sound and vibration isolation. However, the acoustic and mechanical characteristics of biocomposites and their dynamic behaviors should be fully determined before considering them for practical applications. In this chapter, acoustic properties, such as sound absorption and transmission loss, and mechanical properties, such as damping and elasticity of luffa fiber reinforced composites, are presented. The variations in acoustic and mechanical properties due to different samples and manufacturing process are explored.
Biyomalzemelerin Akustik ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin Arastırılması
(2020) Genç, Garip; Körük,Hasan
Bu proje kapsamında, jüt lifleri ve çesitli luffa lifleri kullanılarak, farklı kalınlıklarda reçinesiz (hiçbir reçine kullanılmayan) homojen ve hibrit jüt ve luffa yapılar ve yine farklı kalınlıklarda ve farklı lif/reçine oranlarında reçineli homojen ve hibrit jüt ve luffa yapılar üretilerek, bu yapıların akustik ve mekanik özellikleri ile ilgili kapsamlı bir resmin ortaya konulması hedeflenmistir. Bu kapsamda kullanılan yöntemler/sonuçlar su sekildedir: (i) Akustik testler için farklı kalınlıklarda hem reçinesiz hem de farklı lif/reçine oranlarına sahip reçineli homojen ve hibrit numuneler üretilmistir. Empedans tüp yöntemi kullanılarak bu akustik numunelerin ses yutma ve ses iletim kaybı gibi akustik özellikleri deneysel olarak belirlenmistir. Homojen ve hibrit kompozit yapıların akustik performansları karsılastırılmıstır. Sonuçta, kalınlık ve lif/reçine oranın bu yapıların akustik özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi ortaya konulmustur. (ii) Farklı frekans aralıkları için kalınlıgın ve lif/reçine oranının bir fonksiyonu olarak ölçülen akustik verilere egriler uydurularak, malzemelerin akustik özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik basit ampirik modeller ortaya konulmustur. Dahası, malzemelerin ses yutma katsayıları Delany-Bazley ve Johnson- Champoux-Allard gibi teorik modeller kullanılarak tahmin edilmis ve sonuçlar deneysel sonuçlarla karsılastırılmıstır. Benzer sekilde, numunelerin ses iletim kayıpları teorik olarak hesaplanmıs ve deneysel sonuçlarla karsılastırılmıstır. Sonuçta, bu yapıların tasarımında akustik amaçla kullanılabilecek ampirik ve teorik modeller ortaya konulmustur. (iii) Titresim testleri için farklı kalınlık ve lif/reçine oranlarına sahip reçineli homojen ve hibrit numuneler üretilmis, üretilen bu yapılar üzerinde akustik ve yapısal frekans tepki fonksiyonları ölçülmüs ve aynı yapıların teorik modellerinden yararlanılarak malzemelerin elastik ve sönüm gibi mekanik özellikleri belirlenmistir. Homojen jüt ve luffa kompozit yapıları hem izotropik varsayılarak hem de bu yapıların yöne baglı elastik özelliklerinin olması durumu dikkate alınarak modellenmislerdir. Sonuçta, kalınlık ve lif/reçine oranın mekanik özellikler üzerindeki etkisi ortaya konulmus ve pratikte bu yapıların tasarımı için kullanılabilecek bazı yaklasımlar ortaya konulmustur.
Citation - Scopus: 3
Effects of Machining on the Acoustic and Mechanical Properties of Jute and Luffa Biocomposites
(Elsevier, 2023) Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan
After their production, biocomposite structures do not always have the final shape or dimensions required for their purpose, hence, they need machining. However, the effects of machining on the acoustic and mechanical properties of many biocomposites are still not well known. The effects of machining on the acoustic and mechanical properties of jute and luffa biocomposites are revealed in this chapter. To do this, the sound absorption coefficients (or SACs) and transmission losses (or TLs) of jute and epoxy and luffa and epoxy composite samples, with and without a turning process, are determined using the impedance tube method. The loss factors and Young’s moduli of the jute and epoxy and luffa and epoxy composite samples, with and without a milling process, are identified using experimental and theoretical modal analyses. The results show that, when the samples are machined, the sound absorption coefficients reduce by 3%-7%, the transmission loss levels increase by 6-11dB, and the damping levels and Young’s moduli reduce by 0.1%-0.5% and 3%-4%, respectively. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 17
Citation - Scopus: 24
Identification of the Dynamic Characteristics of Luffa Fiber Reinforced Bio-Composite Plates
(NC State University, 2017) Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan
Luffa cylindrica plant fiber is a new biodegradable engineering material. However, the dynamic behaviors of these new green materials or their composites should be explored to consider them for practical applications. The dynamic characteristics including modal behavior and the elastic and sound isolation properties of luffa-based bio-composite plates were explored in this study. Structural frequency response function measurements were conducted using a few luffa bio-composite plates to identify their modal behavior. The modal frequencies and loss factors of the luffa bio-composite plates were identified by analyzing the frequency response function measurements using a few modal analysis methods such as half-power, circle-fit, and line-fit. The same luffa bio-composite structures were modelled using a finite element formulation with damping capability, and the elastic moduli of the composite plates were identified. In addition, the transmission loss levels of the same luffa composite samples were measured using the impedance tube method. The results showed that luffa composite structures have considerably high stiffness (elasticity modulus: 2.5 GPa), damping levels (loss factor: 2.6%), and transmission loss level (25 to 30 dB for a 1 cm thickness), and their mechanical properties are promising as an alternative disposable material for noise and vibration control engineering applications.
Citation - WoS: 69
Citation - Scopus: 91
Investigation of the Acoustic Properties of Bio Luffa Fiber and Composite Materials
(Elsevier, 2015) Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan
Considering the adverse effects of petroleum-based materials on nature, finding and developing new materials as alternatives to these chemical materials become a necessity in practice. On the other hand, these new materials need characterization to be considered and effectively used in practical applications. The acoustic properties of luffa bio fiber and composite materials are investigated in this study. First, the preparation of various luffa test samples and the method for acoustic characterization of the luffa samples is presented. Then, the acoustic absorption properties of both luffa fiber and composite materials are identified using the impedance tube method. After that, the transmission loss levels of the same luffa samples are determined. All the results are evaluated and the acoustic performances of luffa materials are highlighted.
Citation - Scopus: 10
Investigation of the Sound Absorption and Transmission Loss Performances of Green Homogenous and Hybrid Luffa and Jute Fiber Samples
(King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, 2021) Genç, Garip; Şanlıtürk, Kenan Y.; Körük, Hasan; Özcan, Ahmet Cihan
In order to promote the use of natural fibers in noise and vibration applications, the properties of these structures should be fully identified. The sound absorption coefficients (SACs) and transmission losses (TLs) of green luffa fiber samples are thoroughly investigated and their acoustic performances are compared with the acoustic performances of green homogenous jute and hybrid jute/luffa fiber samples in this study. For this purpose, green homogenous luffa and jute fiber samples and their green hybrid fiber samples with different thicknesses (10, 20, 30, and 40 mm) are produced and their SACs and TLs are determined using the impedance tube method. First, the methods for the experimental identification of acoustic properties are presented and the variations in the measured acoustic properties are identified. After that, the effects of sample thickness on the acoustic performances of homogenous luffa as well as jute samples and their hybrid fiber samples as a function of frequency are explored. The thickness-dependent tendencies of the SACs and TLs of homogenous and hybrid luffa and jute fiber samples for low, medium and high frequency ranges are determined. Then, the acoustic performances of the homogenous and hybrid luffa and jute samples are compared and evaluated. The results and analyses for the acoustic properties of homogeneous luffa and jute fiber samples and their hybrid fiber samples for a variety of thicknesses and different frequencies presented here can be used to design homogenous as well as hybrid luffa and jute fiber structures in practical applications.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 12
Investigation of the Vibro-Acoustic Behaviors of Luffa Bio Composites and Assessment of Their Use for Practical Applications
(The International Institute of Acoustics and Vibration, 2016) Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan
New materials as alternatives to petroleum-based composite materials are needed due to adverse effects of chemical materials on nature. On the other hand, there is a need to characterize and evaluate new alternative materials to be effectively used in practical applications. The vibro-acoustic behaviors including damping and elastic properties, sound absorption and transmission loss levels of luffa bio-composites are investigated and their use for practical applications is evaluated in this study. First, the procedure for manufacturing luffa composites is summarized and materials and methods are presented. After that, the acoustic absorption and transmission loss levels of sample luffa composites are explored by using the impedance tube method. The damping and elastic properties of sample luffa composites are determined by using experimental and theoretical modal data. Furthermore, the interface properties of the luffa fibers and matrix are examined by using Scanning Electron Microscope. All the results are evaluated and the potential of the use of luffa composites in practical applications is assessed.
Citation - WoS: 19
Citation - Scopus: 26
Jute and Luffa Fiber-Reinforced Biocomposites: Effects of Sample Thickness and Fiber/Resin Ratio on Sound Absorption and Transmission Loss Performance
(Taylor & Francis, 2021) Şanlıtürk, Kenan Y.; Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan; Özcan, Ahmet Cihan
The acoustic properties of natural fiber-reinforced composites should be identified before using these materials in various engineering applications including sound and vibration isolation. This study investigates the effects of sample thickness and fiber/resin ratio on the acoustic performance of jute and luffa fiber-reinforced biocomposites. For this purpose, jute and luffa composite samples with different thicknesses and fiber/epoxy ratios are manufactured and their sound absorption coefficients (SACs) and transmission losses (TLs) are determined using impedance tube method. Thickness-dependent tendencies of the SACs and TLs of jute and luffa composites for low-, medium-, and high-frequency ranges are identified. The effect of fiber/epoxy ratio on the acoustic properties of jute and luffa composites as a function of frequency are determined. Furthermore, the SACs and TLs of some natural fiber-based samples with different thicknesses are predicted using mathematical models and the theoretical and experimental results are compared and evaluated.
Citation - Scopus: 4
Jute and Luffa Fibers: Physical, Acoustical, and Mechanical Properties
(Elsevier, 2022) Yüce, Hüseyin; Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan
In this study, the physical, acoustical, and mechanical properties of jute and luffa fibers are presented. It should be noted that, although the main materials of jute and luffa fibers are cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, the mechanical properties of jute and luffa fibers and the acoustical properties of jute and fiber samples can be quite different. It is worth noting that jute fibers are bidirectional while luffa fibers are random-oriented. Furthermore, the diameters and lengths of these two fibers can be quite different. One problem with these natural fibers is that very different values for their diameter, length, and density have been reported in the literature. Therefore, the diameter, length, and density of a huge number of jute and luffa fibers were measured using precise equipment to determine their average values and deviations in this study. In addition to the results of these measurements, the results of a comprehensive literature review on the physical, acoustical, and mechanical properties of jute and fibers and their green samples (i.e., fiber samples without any resin) were presented in this study. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 6
On the Difficulties in Manufacturing of Luffa Fibers Reinforced Biocomposites and Variations in Their Dynamic Properties
(Institute of Noise Control Engineering, 2016) Genç, Garip; Körük, Hasan
Defects in raw bio materials such as luffa plant effect the characteristics of the composites of these materials. These defects results in structural differences and large scattering mechanical properties such as density, damping and elasticity modulus. There are difficulties during the manufacturing of the composites from bio materials inherent to their nature. The major problems and restrictions encountered with the use of green luffa materials as reinforcement are studied in this study. First, the structural differences in the raw luffa plants are presented and the difficulties in their manufacturing are discussed. After that, the variations in measured modal parameters of luffa composites such as natural frequencies and loss factors and mechanical properties such as density and elasticity modulus are presented. Some solutions are provided to minimize the problems in manufacturing and identifying properties of luffa composites. The results show that the luffa composites can be produced with similar properties without any special selection of fibers to homogenize the batches of fibers for controlling the defects. However, a preliminary selection of fibers is required if the mechanical or dynamic properties of the luffa composites are desired to have small variations.