Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11779/1939
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Article Citation - Scopus: 16The Eu’s Response To the Syrian Refugee Crisis: a Battleground Among Many Europes(Routledge, 2020) Saatçioğlu, BekenThis article examines the European Union (EU)’s response to the 2015–2016 refugee crisis. Departing from the understanding that Europe is a contested phenomenon, it investigates how different – Thick, Thin, Parochial and Global – Europes influenced the EU’s management of the crisis culminating in the March 2016 EU-Turkey ‘refugee deal’. Two findings are advanced. First, European actors reacted differently to the EU’s initially attempted Thick Europe approach to the crisis, following their respective Europe conceptions. Second, faced with growing divisions, they ultimately united around a lowest common denominator solution represented by the refugee deal which illustrated Thin Europe at the expense of a more norm-based policy associated with Thick and Global Europes. The findings demonstrate the significance of embedding the various European reactions to the crisis within different Europe categories while showing that consensus was still possible to tackle an external problem.Book The Future of Eu-Turkey Relations: a Dynamic Association Framework Amidst Conflictual Cooperation(Istituto Affari Internazionali, 2019) Saatçioğlu, Beken; Tekin, Funda; Ekim, Sinan; Tocci, NathalieThe FEUTURE final synthesis paper accomplishes two principal aims. First, it synthesizes FEUTURE’s research findings that study EU-Turkey relations in the six thematic areas of politics, identity, economy, security, energy and migration, focusing on how their respective drivers generate different degrees of conflict and cooperation in the relationship. Based on this synthesis, it argues that the scenario of “conflictual cooperation” – where cooperation is likely to endure despite the prevalence of conflictual dynamics mostly emanating from politics – is set to define EU-Turkey relations in the foreseeable future. Second, it develops an institutional design for the future relationship which, given the fact that Turkey’s EU accession process has now become dormant, accepts conflict as an endemic feature of the relations but tries to mitigate it by deepening cooperation. Upon assessing differentiated integration models the EU follows with member- and non-member countries, the paper concludes that, as a result of geopolitical proximity as well as deepened, multifarious interactions over several centuries, the EU– Turkey relationship has become too complex and dynamic to be captured by any single such model. It thus suggests a new institutional framework, termed a “dynamic association”, that would be complementary to Turkey’s albeit stalled accession process. While being centered around a rules-based component represented by an upgraded EU-Turkey Customs Union agreement as a starting point, the association also includes more transactional dimensions of cooperation such as migration, security and energy. The paper concludes that conceptualized as such, the dynamic association promises to foster not only cooperative but also convergent trends between the EU and Turkey into and beyond the 2023 timeframe.Article Citation - WoS: 58Citation - Scopus: 67The European Union's Refugee Crisis and Rising Functionalism in Eu-Turkey Relations(Taylor and Francis, 2019) Saatçioğlu, BekenThis article investigates the evolving relationship between the European Union (EU) and Turkey following the 2015 refugee crisis. It argues that post-crisis relations have become predominantly functional, measured by strategic EUTurkey partnership based on interdependence as well as the EU’s relative retreat from political membership conditionality. This is particularly demonstrated by the March 2016 EU-Turkey ‘refugee deal’ whereby functional cooperation deepened amidst material and normative concessions that the EU granted Ankara. The article concludes that although functionalism is set to guide the relations beyond the question of Turkey’s EU accession, a future EUTurkey external differentiated integration arrangement remains uncertain due to pending challenges.Book Part Ab'nin Mülteci Krizi: Normlar-çıkarlar Dikotomisi Üzerinden Ab'yi Yeniden Değerlendirmek(İktisadi Kalkınma Vakfı, 2017) Saatçioğlu, Beken2011 yılından beri devam etmekte olan Suriye iç savaşının en kritik sonuçlarından biri hiç şüphesiz yol açmış olduğu insani krizdir. Suriye halkının daha güvenli ve iyi bir yaşam için öncelikli olarak sınırdaş Türkiye topraklarına, zaman içinde ise artan biçimde Avrupa ülkelerine sığınma çabaları ile ortaya çıkan mülteci sorunu, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra Avrupa’nın en vahim insani krizi haline gelmiş, bundan dolayı da “Avrupa’nın mülteci krizi” olarak nitelendirilmiştir. 2015’in bahar aylarından itibaren Akdeniz ve Ege üzerinden Avrupa’ya sistematik mülteci akınının artışıyla derinleşen kriz, AB içinde çok ciddi bir kriz yönetimi ve koordinasyon sorununu da beraberinde getirmiştir. Avrupa Komisyonu ve Almanya önderliğinde, Avrupa ortak sığınma sisteminin reforme edilmesi ve mültecilerin belirli kotalar doğrultusunda mevcut Üye Devletlerde yeniden yerleştirilmesi esaslarına dayanarak geliştirilmeye çalışılan “Avrupa çözüm planı”, yerini zamanla krizin Türkiye gibi üçüncü ülkelere havale edilerek dışsallaştırılması yoluyla çözülmesi çabalarına bırakmıştır.Conference Object The Eu’s “crises” and Implications for Differentiated Integration Between the Eu and Turkey(2017) Saatçioğlu, BekenThe EU-Turkey relationship is in doldrums. Factors taking shape at various levels have imperiled Turkey's membership prospect to an unprecedented degree, with the result being that neither side believes in its realizability. This paper investigates how internal EU developments have recently come to bear on Turkey's EU accession process. It argues that the EU's many "crises" and possibility of disintegration brought to the fore by Brexit necessitate a realistic reconceptualization of the EU-Turkey partnership. First, the paper evaluates the EU's refugee crisis and the populist shockwaves it has triggered across Europe. While the management of the crisis boosted Turkey's value for the EU as a critical cooperation partner, anti-immigration and anti-EU rhetoric have gained pace among populist forces within several EU member-states as a reaction to refugee inflows. The paper assesses the implications of these multiple factors for the future shape of EU-Turkey relations. Second, it analyzes Brexit as a game-changer showing that EU membership can be set aside in favor of possibly new forms of interaction/cooperation with the EU. In this respect, the paper discusses the extent to which the evolving status of EU-Britain relationship can serve as a model for the strained EU-Turkey relations. It concludes that just like it is under way with Britain, Turkey-EU relations too can be negotiated as a mutually beneficial, functional partnership including, inter alia, a revitalized EU-Turkey customs union and cooperation in joint issue-areas such as migration.Conference Object Rising Illiberalism in the European Periphery and the Eu's Application of Membership Conditionality(2018) Saatçioğlu, BekenHow consistently has the EU used membership conditionality to address illiberalism? Has it sufficiently and effectively used its conditional, transformative capacity in the first place, i.e., independent of the domestic factors gaining ground in third countries and paving the way for illiberalism? This paper proposes to assess this question by focusing on the EU’s recent relations with Turkey, as the longest standing EU candidate, within the context of the 2015 Syrian refugee crisis. This episode of EU-Turkey relations provides a real test case for the EU’s ability and willingness to consistently use conditionality since doing so coincided with the EU’s other foreign policy aims linked with external border security (relatedly also, the integrity of the Schengen area) and even, protection against terrorism.Review Democracy, Identity, and Foreign Policy in Turkey: Hegemony Through Transformation(Routledge, 2015) Saatçioğlu, Bekenbook was more comparative, or merely that the title of the book was more indicative of the book’s British focus; thus the book would be more self-explanatory. However, my favorable impression of the book is that, while it primarily appeals to politics and IR instructors in the UK, who themselves use either the traditional or creative approaches to teaching politics and IR, its rich innovative approach will remain a long-standing success as a reference toolfor future studies.Article Turkey and the Eu: Strategic Rapprochement in the Shadow of the Refugee Crisis(E-International Relations, 2016) Saatçioğlu, BekenThe year 2015 closed with crucial developments formally boosting Turkey-EU relations in the wake of Europe’s refugee crisis. The EU-Turkey deal reached on 29 November 2015 raised Turkey’s strategic importance for the EU to a whole new level. The Turkish government was offered key economic and political incentives in exchange for its agreement to host the Syrian refugees in Turkey, while attending to their socio-economic needs and help stem the refugee flow to Europe. Among the perks were a generous financial aid package of 3 billion euros to support Turkey in this daunting task, the prospect of visa liberalization for Turkish citizens by the end of 2016 contingent on Turkey’s full implementation of the 2013 EU-Turkey readmission agreement and a “re-energized” EU-Turkey accession negotiations process.Article Citation - WoS: 52Citation - Scopus: 62De-Europeanisation in Turkey: the Case of the Rule of Law(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Saatçioğlu, BekenThis article investigates the political dynamics shaping the post-2010 ‘de-Europeanisation’ of Turkey’s judicial system, particularly regarding judicial independence and rule of law. The analysis suggests the limits of conventional Europeanisation accounts emphasising causal factors such as European Union (EU) conditionality and the ‘lock-in effects’ of liberal reforms due to the benefits of EU accession. The article argues that the Justice and Development Party’s (AKP’s) bid for political hegemony resulted in the reversal of rule of law reforms. De-Europeanisation is discussed in terms of both legislative changes and the government’s observed discourse shift.