Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11779/1939
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Article Citation - WoS: 47Citation - Scopus: 70Barriers in Participative Water Governance: a Critical Analysis of Community Development Approaches(MDPI, 2022) Shunglu, Raghav; Withanachchi, Chandana Rohana; Kibaroǧlu, Ayşegül; Köpke, Sören; Kanoi, Lav; Nissanka, Thushantha S.; Gamage, Deepika U.; Withanachchi, Sisira S.; Koepke, SoerenParticipatory approaches within development programs involving common-pool resources are intended to revive a community’s role in managing these resources. Certainly, to ensure the successful and equitable use of such resources, community participation is essential. However, in many cases, attempts at applying a participatory approach often fail to genuinely engage all subgroups within a community due to assumptions of homogeneity and a lack of understanding of the deep socio-political divisions between people. As a result, development programs can be plagued by these pre-existing power relations, potentially resulting in tokenistic community participation and the continuation of elite capture of natural resources to the same extent or worse than before a development program has begun. This in turn can negatively impact good governance and the fair distribution of a common pool resource. This paper explores the use of participatory approaches in water projects, assessing to what degree power relationships impact water management programs. Using a qualitative approach, the paper identifies key challenges of participatory water governance through case studies from Turkey, India, and Sri Lanka, exploring: lack of social trust, elite capture of participatory processes, power heterogeneity and imbalances at the micro-level, and a lack of inclusive participation in decision-making. Based on the analysis of these case studies, this paper argues that it is essential for participatory development interventions to understand socio-political power relations within a community—an inherently complex and contested space. The so-called “exit strategy” of a community project play a key role to decide the project sustainability that grants the “community ownership” of the project. Such an understanding can bring about greater success in development interventions attempting to address water-related issues.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 10The Role of Irrigation Associations and Privatization Policies in Irrigation Management in Turkey(Taylor & Francis, 2020) Kibaroğlu, AyşegülIn Turkey, the nearly total transfer of irrigation systems to the irrigation associations improved the collection of irrigation fees, but not water use efficiency. The Irrigation Associations Law initially accorded decentralized irrigation associations clear legal status as decentralized entities, but amendments to the law have restored significant government control over their administration. Privatization through service procurement and build-operate-transfer models was promoted by an enabling legal environment, but failed in implementation due to lack of consensus among stakeholders.Article Citation - WoS: 55Citation - Scopus: 64Water–energy–food Nexus in a Transboundary Context: the Euphrates–tigris River Basin as a Case Study(Taylor & Francis, 2015) Gürsoy, Sezin Iba; Kibaroğlu, AyşegülThe interlinkage between water, energy and food security and its transboundary relevance is becoming increasingly important. The paper analyses the evolution of transboundary water resources management in the Euphrates–Tigris basin with specific reference to interlinkages between water, food and energy policies at national and transboundary levels, and it explores how the policy shifts at the highest decision-making level have served to produce synergies for cooperation among the riparians or vice versa.Editorial Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4Engineered Rivers in Arid Lands: Searching for Sustainability in Theory and Practice(Taylor & Francis, 2017) Schmandt, Jurgen; Ward, George; Kibaroğlu, AyşegülBeginning in the early twentieth century and progressing rapidly since the 1950s, large-scale water works have created engineered rivers. In dry-land basins they control flooding and provide water and energy to farms, cities and industry. Yet, they face numerous challenges. In 2013 we formed an interdisciplinary team to study future conditions of nine river basins worldwide. This paper presents the methodology and interim results for two of our basins, the Rio Grande and the Euphrates-Tigris. We conclude with a new definition of the sustainability of engineered rivers in arid lands, using dependable reservoir yield under drought conditions as the central indicator.Article Citation - Scopus: 28An Analysis of the Causes of Water Crisis in the Euphrates-Tigris River Basin(Springer, 2014) Kibaroğlu, Ayşegül; Maden, Tuğba EvrimThe Euphrates-Tigris river basin now faces severe water crisis that have been fueled by national development projects in a mainly water-scarce region. Increasing demand-induced scarcity is further complicated by a history of international tensions between the three riparian nations of Turkey, Syria and Iraq and has occurred in a changing climate. Water is a critical security issue for these nations. This essay analyses the causes of the water crises by reviewing the historical hydropolitical international relations of the region.Article Citation - WoS: 15Citation - Scopus: 16An Analysis of Turkey’s Water Diplomacy and Its Evolving Position Vis-À International Water Law(Taylor & Francis, 2014) Kibaroğlu, AyşegülThis article analyzes Turkey’s transboundary water policy by examining its institutional framework and basic principles. It explores the reasons why Turkey voted against the UN Watercourses Convention. Turkey’s harmonization with the water law of the European Union is also scrutinized with an aim to assess its implications for transboundary water policy making. Turkish water diplomacy faces new challenges, such as the devastating impacts of prolonged droughts as well as ongoing instability and conflicts in Syria and Iraq. Hence, it is imperative for Turkey to systematically reconcile its water policy objectives in accordance with the global norms that are adopted in this fieldArticle Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 14Understanding Water-Society Nexus: Insights From Turkey's Small-Scale Hydropower Policy(Water Policy, 2016) Kibaroğlu, Ayşegül; Sayan, Ramazan CanerTurkey’s recent venture involving the construction of hundreds of small-scale hydropower projects is a signifi- cant trend, both in regard to its contribution to Turkey’s hydroelectricity production and the social and environmental impact of these projects at the local level. Turkey’s hydropower policy was premised on a conven- tional understanding of water driven by science, technology, and the market. This approach, however, does not seem to have paid sufficient attention to the socio-ecological characteristics of water. Developing policies from a solely technical perspective creates political, economic, and cultural inequalities that adversely affect the social and ecological realm. Hence, this paper attempts to deconstruct the design, execution, and aftermath of Turkey’s small-scale hydropower policy through the lens of the hydro-social cycle. We aim to explain various dimensions of Turkey’s small-scale hydropower program in a conceptual framework that merges the concept of the hydro-social cycle with patterns of distributive environmental justice. We find that state-led, techno-centric and market-oriented approaches to water instrumentalize a rhetoric of justice in order to justify the development of small-scale hydropower ventures. Our analysis, however, demonstrates Turkey’s small-scale hydropower policy falls short of delivering on its promise of distributive justice in three relevant dimensions, namely the distribution of burdens and benefits, vulnerabilities, and responsibilities at local level.