Psikoloji Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11779/1938

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Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 8
A Longitudinal Assessment of Variability in Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Psychosocial Correlates in a National United States Sample
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Shook, Natalie J.; Oosterhoff, Benjamin; Sevi, Barış
Recent evidence suggests that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is not static. In order to develop effective vaccine uptake interventions, we need to understand the extent to which vaccine hesitancy fluctuates and identify factors associated with both between- and within-person differences in vaccine hesitancy. The goals of the current study were to assess the extent to which COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy varied at an individual level across time and to determine whether disgust sensitivity and germ aversion were associated with between- and within-person differences in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A national sample of U.S. adults (N = 1025; 516 woman; M-age = 46.34 years, SDage = 16.56, range: 18 to 85 years; 72.6 % White) completed six weekly online surveys (March 20 - May 3, 2020). Between-person mean COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rates were relatively stable across the six-week period (range: 38-42 %). However, there was considerable within-person variability in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Approximately, 40 % of the sample changed their vaccine hesitancy at least once during the six weeks. There was a significant between-person effect for disgust sensitivity, such that greater disgust sensitivity was associated with a lower likelihood of COVID-19 vaccine hesitance. There was also a significant within-person effect for germ aversion. Participants who experienced greater germ aversion for a given week relative to their own six week average were less likely to be COVID-19 vaccine hesitant that week relative to their own six-week average. This study provides important information on rapidly changing individual variability in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy on a weekly basis, which should be taken into consideration with any efforts to decrease vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccine uptake. Further, these findings identify-two psychological factors (disgust sensitivity and germ aversion) with malleable components that could be leveraged in developing vaccine uptake interventions.
Citation - Scopus: 2
Brief Time Course of Trait Anxiety-Related Attentional Bias To Fearconditioned Stimuli: Evidence From the Dual-Rsvp Task
(Elsevier, 2016) Booth, Robert William
Background and objectives Attentional bias to threat is a much-studied feature of anxiety; it is typically assessed using response time (RT) tasks such as the dot probe. Findings regarding the time course of attentional bias have been inconsistent, possibly because RT tasks are sensitive to processes downstream of attention. Methods Attentional bias was assessed using an accuracy-based task in which participants detected a single digit in two simultaneous rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) streams of letters. Before the target, two coloured shapes were presented simultaneously, one in each RSVP stream; one shape had previously been associated with threat through Pavlovian fear conditioning. Attentional bias was indicated wherever participants identified targets in the threat’s RSVP stream more accurately than targets in the other RSVP stream. Results In 87 unselected undergraduates, trait anxiety only predicted attentional bias when the target was presented immediately following the shapes, i.e. 160 ms later; by 320 ms the bias had disappeared. This suggests attentional bias in anxiety can be extremely brief and transitory. Limitations This initial study utilised an analogue sample, and was unable to physiologically verify the efficacy of the conditioning. The next steps will be to verify these results in a sample of diagnosed anxious patients, and to use alternative threat stimuli. Conclusions The results of studies using response time to assess the time course of attentional bias may partially reflect later processes such as decision making and response preparation. This may limit the efficacy of therapies aiming to retrain attentional biases using response time tasks.
Citation - WoS: 11
Citation - Scopus: 16
Consistency of Adults’ Earliest Memories Across Two Years
(Taylor & Francis, 2019) Gülgöz, Sami; Demiray, Burcu; Ece, Berivan
The consistency of earliest memories in content, dating, and memory qualities was investigated. A total of 84 (27 males; Mage = 24.93, SD = 1.36) adults reported earliest memories, estimated ages, and rated their recollections on memory qualities with a two-year time lag. At Time 2, their original reports at Time 1 were presented and they were asked to report whether the earliest memories they recalled at Time 2 were the same. Fifty-six per cent of the participants reported the same earliest memories and those remembering the same events had earlier memories than those remembering different ones. Although no significant differences were observed in estimated ages on the basis of mean ages, a predating bias of later memories and a tendency to postdate earlier memories were observed on the basis of a 48-month cut-off point. Thus, how the data is analysed is critical in detecting dating biases or errors affecting conclusions and interpretations about the dating consistency of earliest memories. Finally, memory qualities of earliest memories displayed a high level of consistency with a two-year time lag regardless of remembering the same versus different event.
Citation - WoS: 16
Citation - Scopus: 17
Executive Function and Theory of Mind as Predictors of Socially Withdrawn Behavior in Institutionalized Children
(Wiley, 2017) Yavuz, H. Melis; Selçuk, Bilge; Harma, Mehmet; Etel, Evren; Ruffman, Ted
False-belief understanding and executive functions are two main sociocognitive abilities reliably linked to child social competence. Although institution-reared children are especially at risk for behavioral problems and cognitive delays, the role that executive function and false-belief understanding might play in the social withdrawal of institutionalized children has not been examined. The current study used two-wave data to investigate the concurrent and longitudinal relations of social withdrawal with executive function and false-belief understanding in institutionalized children; it also allowed investigation of the directionality between executive function and false-belief understanding. Data were collected from 66 Turkish children (T1 M 5 = 57.83 months, SD = 9.20; T2 M = 69.58 months, SD = 8.45) residing in institutions, at two time points, approximately 1 year apart. We measured false-belief understanding and executive function via individual assessments, and social withdrawal via care provider reports at both time points. Results showed that both executive function and false-belief understanding increased between T1 and T2, while social withdrawal did not show a significant change. Path analysis revealed that when T1 age and language were controlled, T1 executive function predicted T2 executive function, and in turn, T2 executive function predicted lessened social withdrawal at T2. In addition, T1 executive function predicted T2 false-belief understanding. T1 false-belief understanding was not related to T2 false-belief understanding, executive function, or social withdrawal. Findings suggested that executive function is an important predictor of social withdrawal in high-risk populations.
Citation - WoS: 20
Citation - Scopus: 17
Feelings of Burden Among Family Caregivers of People With Spinal Cord Injury in Turkey
(Springer Nature, 2017) Yavuz, H. Melis; Selçuk, Bilge; Seçinti, Ekin
Study design: The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine the level of feelings of burden in family caregivers of people with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Turkey, and to explore its predictors. Setting: Turkey. Methods: One hundred family caregivers of people with SCI completed measures of burden of caregiving, depression, social support and physical health. The SCI participants completed a measure of functional independence. Multivariate statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to identify significant predictors of caregiver burden. Results: Caregiver burden was significantly related to caregivers’ feelings of depression. SEM analysis showed that social support from family and from friends predicted caregiver burden via depression. Caregivers’ age, sex, educational level, physical health and household income did not significantly predict their feelings of depression or burden. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that support received from both families and friends is an important source for alleviating the depressive feelings of caregivers and, in return, their burden in the caregiving. In Turkey, high support from family members is expected and is important for psychological well-being, yet the current study showed that the support received from friends also has unique contribution to the well-being of the caregivers of persons with SCI. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of supportive relationships between family as well as friends for the caregivers who may have to provide lifetime care for their family member with special needs.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 2
How Managing Errors Facilitates Entrepreneurial Orientation: the Mediating Role of Ambidextrous Leadership
(Sage Publications Inc., 2022) Çetinkaya, Turnalar Neslihan,
Today’s agile and globalized markets of economies with increased complexities force organizations to be more open to new ideas, exploit those ideas, and take risks to sustain their competitive advantages (Khan et al., 2011). The demand to accommodate those particular conditions increases the inquiry of how valuable are the organizational-level entrepreneurial activities that have been conceptualized varyingly as corporate entrepreneurship, intrapreneurship, entrepreneurial posture, corporate venturing, and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) (Antoncic and Hisrich, 2003; Covin and Slevin, 1991; Lumpkin and Dess, 1996; Pinchot, 1985; Zahra et al., 1999).
Citation - WoS: 11
Citation - Scopus: 10
Is the Road Still Bumpy Without the Most Frequent Life Events?
(Wiley, 2017) Gülgöz, Sami; Ece, Berivan
Two studies were conducted to explore the effect of the most frequent life events on the reminiscence bump. Thefirststudy examined the life scripts and autobiographical memories of 44 adults [Mage= 62.8, standard deviation (SD) = 2.8] byremoving the most frequent 10 life events. The regular reminiscence bump disappeared in the distribution of both event types.The second study explored whether results of thefirst study would be extended to autobiographical memories evoked by differentmethods. Cue word and important memories reported by 64 adults (Mage= 66.6, SD = 2.8) were examined. Important memorieshad later bump than cue word memories, but removing the top 10 life events affected the bumps of both memory types with astronger impact on important memories. Different retrieval strategies activated by these two methods may lead to differenttemporal peaks, which further influence the sensitivity of distributions to the most frequent life event categories.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 2
Majority Grievance in Germany: the Role of Entitlement Beliefs and Ingroup Threat
(Educational Publishing Foundation-american Psychological Assoc, 2023) Stucke, Frederike; Okuyan, Mukadder; Loreth, Lukas
Group-based grievance has mainly been studied from the perspective of disadvantaged and minority groups. Following the refugee crisis and corresponding sociopolitical changes, there has also been an increase in perceived grievance among majority groups in many European countries. The present studies examined the role of perceived threat in the relationship between autochthony-based entitlement and group grievances among members of the German majority. Across three correlational studies, we tested whether threat moderates versus mediates this relationship. In Study 1, using a nationally representative sample, we found support for threat serving as a mediator of the relationship between autochthony-based entitlement and majority grievance. We replicated this finding in Studies 2 (N = 380) and 3 (N = 614) using convenience samples. We discuss the diverse roles played by perceived threat in predicting defensive reactions by majority groups and the importance of studying perceived entitlement in majority groups' grievance claims.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 2
Mice Make Temporal Inferences About Novel Locations Based on Previously Learned Spatiotemporal Contingencies
(Springer, 2022) Balci, Fuat; Gür, Ezgi; Duyan, Yalçin A.
Animals learn multiple spatiotemporal contingencies and organize their anticipatory responses accordingly. The representational/computational capacity that underlies such spatiotemporally guided behaviors is not fully understood. To this end, we investigated whether mice make temporal inferences of novel locations based on previously learned spatiotemporal contingencies. We trained 18 C57BL/6J mice to anticipate reward after three different intervals at three different locations and tested their temporal expectations of a reward at five locations simultaneously, including two locations that were not previously associated with reward delivery but adjacent to the previously trained locations. If mice made spatiotemporal inferences, they were expected to interpolate between duration pairs associated with previously reinforced hoppers surrounding the novel hopper. We found that the maximal response rate at the novel locations indeed fell between the two intervals reinforced at the surrounding hoppers. We argue that this pattern of responding might be underlain by spatially constrained Bayesian computations.
Neighborhood and Psychosocial Predictors of Allostatic Load Among Latinx Adults in the United States
(Oxford Univ Press, 2024) Gutierrez, Angela; Supiyev, Adil; Tobin, Courtney Thomas; Sevi, Barış; Terrera, Graciela Muniz
[No Abstract Available]
Citation - WoS: 20
Citation - Scopus: 22
Not Just a Sum of Its Parts: How Tasks of the Theory of Mind Scale Relate To Executive Function Across Time
(Elsevier, 2018) Yavuz, H. Melis; Selçuk, Bilge; Doenyas, Ceymi
There is a well-established relationship between theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF) during the preschool years. However, less is known about the concurrent and longitudinal relations between EF and specific tasks tapping different aspects of ToM. The current study investigated the ToM-EF relationship across 1 year in 3- to 5-year-old Turkish children using the ToM battery of Wellman and Liu (2004), which measures understanding of diverse desires (DD), diverse beliefs (DB), knowledge access (KA), contents false belief (CFB), explicit false belief (EFB), and hidden emotion (HE). This battery has not yet been used in its entirety to test the predictive relations between ToM and EF. We used pegtapping and day–night tasks to measure EF. Our sample comprised 150 Turkish preschool children (69 girls) aged 36–60 months at Time 1 (T1) and 49–73 months at Time 2 (T2). Using the ToM composite with all six tasks, when child’s age, receptive language, and T1 ability level (EF or ToM) were controlled, T1 EF significantly predicted T2 ToM, whereas T1 ToM did not predict T2 EF. Among DD, DB, KA, false belief understanding (FBU: the composite score of CFB and EFB), and HE, only KA and FBU were significantly associated with EF at T1 and T2. Further regression analyses showed that KA did not have a predictive relationship with EF. Instead, FBU drove the predictive EF–ToM relationship across time. Thus, in Turkish children, earlier EF predicts later ToM, but especially the FBU component, in this well-validated battery.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 2
Peer Persuasion Strategies During Rule Following in 4-To 6-Year
(Wiley, 2021) Kumkale, Tarcan G.; Kuntay, Aylin C.; Şen, Hilal H.
Despite being a ubiquitous form of communication, persuasive communication between children received relatively scant research attention. We used a novel approach to study children's persuasive interactions in a semi-naturalistic paradigm where dyads of 4- to 6-year-old children were asked to follow a rule together. In this context, we observed (a) the frequency and types of strategies children spontaneously used to persuade their partners to abide by the rule, (b) compliance behavior following the persuasion attempt, and (c) strategy change following a failed attempt to persuade. We coded children's persuasive strategies as gentle control, negative control, and non-engagement. Children tended to use gentle control and negative control strategies to a greater extent than non-engagement strategies to prevent their partner's potential rule violation. However, after a violation occurred, children most frequently displayed non-engagement. Gentle control brought about more compliance than the other strategies. Children tended to maintain their persuasive strategy of negative control and non-engagement, even though these were mostly ineffective in achieving compliance. These results show that 4- to 6-year-old children spontaneously and flexibly utilized persuasive strategies with peers to abide by a rule.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 2
Perceived Self-Society Moral Discrepancies Concerning Fairness Predict Depression and Paranoid Ideation
(Springer, 2021) Booth, Robert W; Güney, Onuray; Peker, Müjde
This study investigated the psychological correlates of perceiving a discrepancy between one’s own moral beliefs and those of the greater society (a ‘moral discrepancy’). One hundred and one female Turkish students answered questions about their own moral beliefs, their perceptions of the greater society’s moral beliefs, and their mental health. Moral discrepancies were assessed using an adaptation of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (Graham et al. 2009), while mental health was assessed using the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (Derogatis 1992). Participants who perceived a discrepancy relating to fairness and reciprocity concerns reported more depressed and paranoid symptoms. It is suggested that moral discrepancies can create a vulnerability to depression and paranoid thinking by fostering a feeling of isolation.
Personality and Allostatic Load: Testing Healthy Neuroticism in Hispanic Americans Over 50
(Oxford Univ Press, 2024) Sevi, Baris; Supiyev, Adil; Gutierrez, Angela; Terrera, Graciela Muniz
[No Abstract Available]
Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 9
Relationships Among Self-Construal, Gender, Social Dominance Orientation, and Interpersonal Distance
(Wiley, 2018) Eke, Aylin; Booth, Robert W.; Peker, Müjde
The present research focuses on the cognitive embodiment of physical proximity,through interpersonal distance’s relationship with self‐construal, gender, and socialdominance orientation. Previous work showed that more independent self‐construalwas associated with higher distancing preferences of participants, and that femalestend to have higher interdependent self‐construal that lead them to prefer less interpersonal distance. We expected to replicate these findings. However, due to the relationship between power and interpersonal distance, it was argued that gender andperceptions regarding the social hierarchy would also play a role in predicting interpersonal distance. More specifically, it was predicted that while females who accept social hierarchies between males and females would prefer more distance when interacting with males, males would not differ in their preference for social distance.One hundred participants (67 female) completed the Comfortable Interpersonal Distance Scale, Independent and Interdependent Self‐Construal Scales and the Social Dominance Orientation Scale. Interdependent self‐construal was negatively correlated with overall preferred interpersonal distance. Moreover, females high on social dominance orientation preferred larger interpersonal distance from male adult strangers than from female adult strangers. The findings provide further support for the embodiment of self‐construal by showing that psychological closeness and heteronomy are related to physical closeness. The findings also highlight the importance of investigating communal sharing and authority ranking dimensions simultaneously when focusing on interpersonal distance as well as differentiating females’ interpersonal sensitivity due to low power with their high affiliation.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 6
Should I Invite Them? Bystanders' Inclusivity Judgements Towards Outgroup Victims and Ingroup Bullies in Intergroup Bullying
(Wiley, 2021) Mulvey, Kelly Lynn; Gönültaş, Seçil; Yavuz, H Melis
This study examined bystanders' judgements of bullying and their inclusivity towards refugee victims and ingroup bully peers. Participants included 587 Turkish adolescents (M-age = 13.14, SD = 1.60) who were presented with two stories: intergroup (Syrian refugee victim) and intragroup (Turkish victim) bullying. They indicated acceptability of bullying, retaliation, and how likely they would be to include victims and bullies in different social contexts. Empathy, prejudice, desired social distance, and peer norms towards Syrian refugees were examined as predictors. Adolescents in schools with a higher number of Syrian peers were more likely to expect they would include the Syrian victim than adolescents in schools with a lower number of Syrian peers. Further, adolescents with higher empathy were more likely to include the Syrian victim while adolescents with higher prejudice and desired social distance were less likely to include the Syrian victim. The results highlight the importance of attending to bystanders' future interactions with victims and bullies, as bystanders have the opportunity to challenge injustice by promoting inclusive school climates in diverse societies. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 7
Social Competence in Children With Autism
(Taylor & Francis, 2019) Yavuz, H. Melis; Selçuk, Bilge; Korkmaz, Barış
Objectives: This paper investigates the associations of social competence with cognitive representation and communication skills in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), by measuring these skills in an expansive way through assessing both mental and internal-state understanding, and verbal and non-verbal communication. Methods: The data were collected from 45 Turkish children (Mage=8.52 years, SD=3.05, min-max=3–14) with a diagnosis of ASD. Individual assessments were used to measure mental- and internal-state understanding. Teacher-rated scales were used to assess child’s verbal and non-verbal communication skills, and social competence. Results: The results showed that social competence, cognitive representation, verbal and non-verbal communication skills were all significantly associated, but over and above cognitive representation skills and verbal communication, non-verbal communication had a salient role in adaptive social relationships of children with ASD. Conclusions: These findings have important applied implications for intervention studies and suggest that improvements of non-verbal communication skills in children with ASD might be important for increasing their positive social relations.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 7
Social Support and Help-Seeking Worldwide
(Springer, 2024) Szkody, Erica; Spence, Anjolee; Ozdogru, Asil; Tushir, Bhawna; Chang, Fennie; Akkas, Handan; Cascalheira, Cory J.; Karakulak, Arzu
Social support has long been associated with positive physical, behavioral, and mental health outcomes. However, contextual factors such as subjective social status and an individual's cultural values, heavily influence social support behaviors (e.g., perceive available social support, accept support, seek support, provide support). We sought to determine the current state of social support behaviors and the association between these behaviors, cultural values, and subjective social support across regions of the world. Data from 6,366 participants were collected by collaborators from over 50 worldwide sites (67.4% or n = 4292, assigned female at birth; average age of 30.76). Our results show that individuals cultural values and subjective social status varied across world regions and were differentially associated with social support behaviors. For example, individuals with higher subjective social status were more likely to indicate more perceived and received social support and help-seeking behaviors; they also indicated more provision of social support to others than individuals with lower subjective social status. Further, horizontal, and vertical collectivism were related to higher help-seeking behavior, perceived support, received support, and provision of support, whereas horizontal individualism was associated with less perceived support and less help-seeking and vertical individualism was associated with less perceived and received support, but more help-seeking behavior. However, these effects were not consistently moderated by region. These findings highlight and advance the understanding of how cross-cultural complexities and contextual distinctions influence an individual's perception, processing, and practice of social support embedded in the changing social landscape.
Sociosexuality Is Associated With Disease Avoidance Tendencies and Can Decrease During a Real-Life Disease Threat
(Springer, 2024) Sevi, Baris; Shook, Natalie J.
Engaging in uncommitted sexual relationships increases the risk of pathogen transmission through close contact with novel partners. As such, greater disease avoidance tendencies may be associated with lower sociosexuality. Across three studies, we examined this proposition. In Studies 1a and 1b, we cross-sectionally assessed the associations between individual differences in disease avoidance (i.e., germ aversion, perceived infectability) and sociosexuality dimensions (i.e., behavior, attitude, desire). Greater germ aversion was significantly associated with more restricted sociosexuality across all three dimensions and replicated in both samples. Perceived infectibility was associated with more unrestricted sociosexual attitude and desire, but only in Study 1a. In Study 2, we tested whether sociosexuality levels changed with the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants reported more restricted sociosexuality levels during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels, where a decrease was especially seen in sociosexual desire. Further, this decrease in sociosexual desire was predicted by pre-pandemic germ aversion levels. Overall, the findings indicate that disease avoidance tendencies (i.e., germ aversion) and real-life disease threat are associated with lower tendency to engage in uncommitted sexual relationships. Further research is needed to understand the causal relation of these two constructs, which may help in developing interventions and campaigns to support better sexual health.
Citation - WoS: 8
Citation - Scopus: 7
State Anxiety Impairs Attentional Control When Other Sources of Control Are Minimal
(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Booth, Robert William; Peker, Müjde
Research suggests anxiety impairs attentional control; however, this effect has been unreliable. We argue that anxiety’s impairment of attentional control is subtle, and can be obscured by other non-emotional sources of control. We demonstrate this by examining conflict adaptation, an enhancement in attentional control following a trial with high conflict between distracter and target stimuli. Participants completed a Stroop task featuring incongruent (e.g. RED in green font; high-conflict) and control (e.g. +++ in green font; low-conflict) trials. More state-anxious participants showed greater Stroop interference following control trials, but interference was uniformly low following incongruent trials. This suggests state anxiety can impair attention, but other sources of top-down control – such as conflict adaptation – can easily overcome this impairment. This is consistent with recent theories of anxious cognition and shows that anxiety researchers must attend to the dynamics and sources of attentional control.

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