Psikoloji Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11779/1938

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Effect of Time on Event Characteristics of Autobiographical Memories: a Comparison of Different Samples and Different Methods
(2016) Ece, Berivan; Gülgöz, S
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Citation - WoS: 40
Citation - Scopus: 44
The Age of Anxiety? It Depends Where You Look: Changes in Stai Trait Anxiety, 1970-2010
(Springer, 2016) Booth, Robert William; Leader, Tirza I.; Sharma, Dinkar
Purpose : Population-level surveys suggest that anxiety has been increasing in several nations, including the USA and UK. We sought to verify the apparent anxiety increases by looking for systematic changes in mean anxiety questionnaire scores from research publications. Methods : We analyzed all available mean State–Trait Anxiety Inventory scores published between 1970 and 2010. We collected 1703 samples, representing more than 205,000 participants from 57 nations. Results : Results showed a significant anxiety increase worldwide, but the pattern was less clear in many individual nations. Our analyses suggest that any increase in anxiety in the USA and Canada may be limited to students, anxiety has decreased in the UK, and has remained stable in Australia. Conclusions : Although anxiety may have increased worldwide, it might not be increasing as dramatically as previously thought, except in specific populations, such as North American students. Our results seem to contradict survey results from the USA and UK in particular. We do not claim that our results are more reliable than those of large population surveys. However, we do suggest that mental health surveys and other governmental sources of disorder prevalence data may be partially biased by changing attitudes toward mental health: if respondents are more aware and less ashamed of their anxiety, they are more likely to report it to survey takers. Analyses such as ours provide a useful means of double-checking apparent trends in large population surveys.
Citation - WoS: 8
Citation - Scopus: 7
State Anxiety Impairs Attentional Control When Other Sources of Control Are Minimal
(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Booth, Robert William; Peker, Müjde
Research suggests anxiety impairs attentional control; however, this effect has been unreliable. We argue that anxiety’s impairment of attentional control is subtle, and can be obscured by other non-emotional sources of control. We demonstrate this by examining conflict adaptation, an enhancement in attentional control following a trial with high conflict between distracter and target stimuli. Participants completed a Stroop task featuring incongruent (e.g. RED in green font; high-conflict) and control (e.g. +++ in green font; low-conflict) trials. More state-anxious participants showed greater Stroop interference following control trials, but interference was uniformly low following incongruent trials. This suggests state anxiety can impair attention, but other sources of top-down control – such as conflict adaptation – can easily overcome this impairment. This is consistent with recent theories of anxious cognition and shows that anxiety researchers must attend to the dynamics and sources of attentional control.
Repeated Experiences of Life Events Reduce Memory Qualities
(2016) Gülgöz, S; Ece, Berivan
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Citation - WoS: 98
Citation - Scopus: 110
Collective Narcissism Predicts Hypersensitivity To In-Group Insult and Direct and Indirect Retaliatory Intergroup Hostility
(Wiley, 2016) de Zavala, Agnieszka Golec; Baran, Tomazs; Guerra, Rita; Peker, Müjde
Results of five studies (N?=?1596) linked collective narcissism—a belief in in-group exaggerated greatness contingent on external validation—to direct and indirect, retaliatory hostility in response to situations that collective narcissists perceived as insulting to the in-group but which fell well beyond the definition of an insult. In Turkey, collective narcissists responded with schadenfreude to the European economic crisis after feeling humiliated by the Turkish wait to be admitted to the European Union (Study 1). In Portugal, they supported hostile actions towards Germans and rejoiced in the German economic crisis after perceiving Germany's position in the European Union as more important than the position of Portugal (Study 2). In Poland, they supported hostile actions towards the makers of a movie they found offensive to Poland (Studies 3 and 5) and responded with direct and indirect hostility towards a celebrity whose jokes about the Polish government they found offensive (Study 4). Comparisons with self-positivity and in-group positivity indices and predictors of intergroup hostility indicated that collective narcissism is the only systematic predictor of hypersensitivity to in-group insult followed by direct and indirect, retaliatory intergroup hostility.
Mood-Congruent Autobiographical Remembering in Different Age Groups
(2016) Ece, Berivan; Gülgöz, S
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Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 3
Brief Time Course of Trait Anxiety-Related Attentional Bias To Fearconditioned Stimuli: Evidence From the Dual-Rsvp Task
(Elsevier, 2016) Booth, Robert William
Background and objectives Attentional bias to threat is a much-studied feature of anxiety; it is typically assessed using response time (RT) tasks such as the dot probe. Findings regarding the time course of attentional bias have been inconsistent, possibly because RT tasks are sensitive to processes downstream of attention. Methods Attentional bias was assessed using an accuracy-based task in which participants detected a single digit in two simultaneous rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) streams of letters. Before the target, two coloured shapes were presented simultaneously, one in each RSVP stream; one shape had previously been associated with threat through Pavlovian fear conditioning. Attentional bias was indicated wherever participants identified targets in the threat’s RSVP stream more accurately than targets in the other RSVP stream. Results In 87 unselected undergraduates, trait anxiety only predicted attentional bias when the target was presented immediately following the shapes, i.e. 160 ms later; by 320 ms the bias had disappeared. This suggests attentional bias in anxiety can be extremely brief and transitory. Limitations This initial study utilised an analogue sample, and was unable to physiologically verify the efficacy of the conditioning. The next steps will be to verify these results in a sample of diagnosed anxious patients, and to use alternative threat stimuli. Conclusions The results of studies using response time to assess the time course of attentional bias may partially reflect later processes such as decision making and response preparation. This may limit the efficacy of therapies aiming to retrain attentional biases using response time tasks.
Does Perceived Control Over the Experienced Life Events Affect the Reminiscence Bump?
(2016) Ece, Berivan; Gülgöz, S
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Autobiographical Recollections of Repeated Events: a Longitudinal Assessment
(2016) Ece, Berivan; Gülgöz, Sami
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Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 7
Turkish Adaptation of the Fear of Spiders Questionnaire: Reliability and Validity in Non-Clinical Samples
(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Booth, Robert William; Öztop, Pınar; Peker, Müjde
The rapid, objective measurement of spider fear is important for clinicians, and for researchers studying fear. To facilitate this, we adapted the Fear of Spiders Questionnaire (FSQ) into Turkish. The FSQ is quick to complete and easy to understand. Compared to the commonly used Spider Phobia Questionnaire, it has shown superior test–retest reliability and better discrimination of lower levels of spider fear, facilitating fear research in non-clinical samples. In two studies, with 137 and 105 undergraduates and unselected volunteers, our adapted FSQ showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s ? = .95 and .96) and test–retest reliability (r = .90), and good discriminant validity against the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory—Trait (r = .23) and Beck Anxiety Inventory—Trait (r = .07). Most importantly, our adapted FSQ significantly predicted 26 students’ self-reported discomfort upon approaching a caged tarantula; however, a measure of behavioural avoidance of the tarantula yielded little variability, so a more sensitive task will be required for future behavioural testing. Based on this initial testing, we recommend our adapted FSQ for research use. Further research is required to verify that our adapted FSQ discriminates individuals with and without phobia effectively.
The Impact of Gender on Perception and Consequences of Leadership
(Türk Psikologlar Derneği, 2016) Arman, Gamze; Uysal-Irak, Doruk; Aydınlı-Karakulak, Arzu; Güleryüz, Evrim
Bu panelde yer alan aras¸tırmalar cinsiyetler arasında liderligˆe bakıs¸ ac¸ıları ve zorbalık gibi durumlarla ilgili algılara odaklanmıs¸lardır. Saha c¸alıs¸ması yo¨ntemine dayanarak c¸alıs¸makta olan bireylerden veri toplamıs¸ olan ilk iki aras¸tırmacının aksine deneysel yo¨ntemleri kullanarak o¨gˆrencilerden veri toplayan aras¸tırmacılar analizlerinde bir takım cinsiyet farklılıkları go¨zlemlemis¸lerdir. Bulgular arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıkların olası nedenleri panel kapsamında tartıs¸ılacaktır. Sunulacak olan ilk aras¸tırmanın (Uysal-Irak) sonuc¸ları u¨c¸ ayrı o¨rneklemle yapılan analizleri ic¸ermektedir. I·lk o¨rneklemdeki (n = 329; %49 kadın) bulgulara go¨re kadın ve erkek katılımcılar tarafından rapor edilen zorbalık davranıs¸ı hem toplam puanda hem de u¨c¸ alt fakto¨r ac¸ısından anlamlı bir fark go¨stermemektedir. I·kinci (n = 265; %53 kadın) ve u¨c¸u¨ncu¨ o¨rneklem (n = 267; %53 kadın) u¨zerinde yapılan analizler ise toplumsal cinsiyetin yas¸am doyumu, is¸ doyumu ve is¸ten ayrılma egˆilimi seviyelerinde farka yol ac¸madıgˆını go¨stermis¸tir. Veri toplama safhası su¨rmekte olan ikinci aras¸tırmanın (Gu¨leryu¨z & Giray) o¨n sonuc¸ları da ilk aras¸tırmayı destekler niteliktedir. Mevcut o¨rneklem (n = 100; %53 kadın) u¨zerinde yapılan analizler kadın ve erkek katılımcılar arasında algılanan katılımcı, babacan ve otoriter liderlik stillerinde, zorbalıkta ve algılanan istismar edici yo¨neticilik alanlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıs¸tır. Ayrıca, kadın ve erkek katılımcılar arasında tu¨kenmis¸ligˆin duygusal tu¨kenme, duyarsızlas¸ma ve kis¸isel bas¸arı duygusunda azalma boyutlarında da anlamlı bir farklılık ortaya c¸ıkmamıs¸tır. U¨c¸u¨ncu¨ aras¸tırmada (Arman) katılımcılar (n = 197; %78 kadın) bir hafta boyunca her gu¨n bir ofiste gec¸en ve istismarcı liderlik ic¸eren kısa hikayeler okumus¸ ve haftanın sonunda istismarcı yo¨netici ile ast seviyesindeki c¸alıs¸an (magˆdur kis¸i) arasındaki ilis¸kiyi ve istismarın go¨zlemcileri olarak magˆdur ic¸in ne yapmak istediklerini degˆerlendirmis¸lerdir. Sonuc¸lar kadın go¨zlemcilerin erkek go¨zlemcilere nazaran durumu daha az kabullenebilir olarak algıladıklarını ve magˆdura yardımcı olmaya daha meyilli olduklarını go¨stermis¸tir. Magˆdura yardımcı olma istegˆinde bireysel seviyedeki gu¨c¸ aralıgˆı yo¨neliminin de aracı oldugˆu ortaya c¸ıkmıs¸tır. Son olarak, aras¸tırmalarda ortaya c¸ıkan tu¨m benzerliklere ragˆmen mevcut kadın lider oranındaki du¨s¸u¨klu¨gˆu¨ go¨z o¨nu¨ne alarak yapılan deneysel c¸alıs¸mada (Aydınlı-Karakulak ve ark.) katılımcılar (n = 157; %67 kadın) bes¸ kis¸ilik gruplar halinde verilen bir go¨revi tamamlarken liderligˆin ortaya c¸ıkıs¸ su¨reci incelenmis¸tir. Bulgular kadınların erkeklere nazaran lider olmaya daha az istekli olduklarını ve liderlik kaygısının bu cinsiyet etkisine aracılık ettigˆini go¨stermektedir. Liderlik motivasyonunun ise bu su¨rec¸ u¨zerinde bir etkisi saptanmamıs¸tır.
Higher Arousal by the Young and for Public Events of Young Age. Traveling in Time: Construction of Past and Future Events Across Domains
(2016) Gülgöz, S; Oner, S; Ece, Berivan; Kamiloglu, R; Gurdere, C; Aytürk, E
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Repeated Assessment of Repeated Events: Dancing in Time. Traveling in Time: Construction of Past and Future Events Across Domains
(2016) Ece, Berivan; Gülgöz, S
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İstanbul Denetimli Serbestlik Memurlarına Yönelik Geliştirilen Eğitim Programının Etki Değerlendirmesi
(Üsküdar Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2017) Erdem, Gizem; Tuncer, Esra; Çankaya, Banu; Engin, Murat
Bu araştırmanın amacı, madde kullanan yükümlülerle çalışan denetimli serbestlik memurlarına yönelik geliştirilen iki günlük eğitimin etkisini niteliksel ve niceliksel verilerle ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma verileri, İstanbul Denetimli Serbestlik Şube Müdürlüğü’nde çalışmakta olan 117 uzman ve memurdan HaziranEylül 2015 arasında aşamalı olarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın ihtiyaç belirleme aşamasında, 28 memur 8-10 kişilik gruplara ayrılarak eşzamanlı 1.5 saatlik odak grup toplantılarına katılmıştır. Odak grup toplantılarında, memurlara iş deneyimleri, yükümlülerle ilişkileri ve onlara yönelik tutumları ile eğitim almak istedikleri konularla ilgili sorular yöneltilmiştir. Araştırmanın ikinci aşamasında, suç sosyolojisi, madde bağımlılığı, yükümlülerle iletişim ve motivasyonel görüşme becerileri konularında iki gün süren bir eğitim programı uygulanmış ve eğitim öncesinde ve bir ay sonrasında katılımcılara anket uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılar, yükümlülere karşı tutum (ATI; Melvin, Grambling, & Gardner, 1985), işbirliği (WAI; Horvath & Greenberg, 1989), genel sağlık (Goldberg & Williams, 1988), tükenmişlik sendromu (Maslach & Jackson, 1981), iş doyumu (Spector, 1994) ve örgütsel güven (Cummings & Bromiley, 1995) konularında ölçekler içeren bir anket doldurmuştur. Araştırma niteliksel sonuçlarına göre eğitimin uygulanabilirliği, kabul edilebilirliği ve eğitimden memnuniyet anketlerinde katılımcılar olumlu geribildirim vermiştir. Nicel bulgular T-test analizi kullanılarak incelendiğinde ise eğitime katılan memurların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha az tükenmişlik sendromu gösterdiği ve çalıştıkları kuruma duydukları güvenin arttığı bulunmuştur. Buna karşın, madde kullanan yükümlülere yönelik tutumların değişmediği görülmüştür (p > .05). Araştırma projesinin bulguları, denetimli serbestlik çalışanlarına yönelik daha kapsamlı bir müdahale programının geliştirilmesine ışık tutmaktadır.
Subgroup Formation and Identification in Multinational Teams: Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together?
(European Academy of Management, 2017) Arman, Gamze; Bell, Suzanne
Multinational teams (MNTs) consist of members from different national backgrounds who work interdependently to achieve a shared objective (Earley & Gibson, 2002). Much of the previous research on MNTs has focused on whether members’ national background diversity has an impact on MNT effectiveness (Connaughton & Shuffler, 2007; Stahl, Mäkelä, Zander, & Maznevski, 2010a; Stahl, Maznevski, Voigt, & Jonsen, 2010b). The purpose of the present study was to examine the perception of diversity by team members, with regard to their definition of subgroups and identification with the in-groups, out-groups, and the entire team.
People Management in Production Organizations in Turkey
(National Congress of Management and Organization, 2017) Arman, Gamze
...
Citation - WoS: 4
Citation - Scopus: 4
Individual Differences in Collectivism Predict City Identification and City Evaluation in Australian, French and Turkish Cities
(Elsevier, 2017) Rubin, Mark; Morrison, Tessa; Peker, Müjde; Mahfud, Yara; Badea, Constantina; Condie, Jenna
Collectivism is a sociocultural variable that predicts how people relate to social groups. Cities are social groups. Hence, collectivism should predict how people relate to cities. To test this prediction, the researchers sampled 1660 residents of four cities in three countries. Participants completed an online survey containing measures of collectivism, city identification, and city evaluation. Results showed that, within each city sample and across the combined samples, a specific measure of collectivism called collective interdependent self-construal was positively related to city evaluation. Furthermore, city identification mediated the relation between collective interdependent self-construal and city evaluation. These results demonstrate that people's general tendency to construe social groups as part of their self predicts their identification with their city, which in turn helps to explain their positive appraisal of their city. These results are discussed from the perspectives of both environmental psychology and social psychology.
Citation - WoS: 11
Citation - Scopus: 10
Is the Road Still Bumpy Without the Most Frequent Life Events?
(Wiley, 2017) Gülgöz, Sami; Ece, Berivan
Two studies were conducted to explore the effect of the most frequent life events on the reminiscence bump. Thefirststudy examined the life scripts and autobiographical memories of 44 adults [Mage= 62.8, standard deviation (SD) = 2.8] byremoving the most frequent 10 life events. The regular reminiscence bump disappeared in the distribution of both event types.The second study explored whether results of thefirst study would be extended to autobiographical memories evoked by differentmethods. Cue word and important memories reported by 64 adults (Mage= 66.6, SD = 2.8) were examined. Important memorieshad later bump than cue word memories, but removing the top 10 life events affected the bumps of both memory types with astronger impact on important memories. Different retrieval strategies activated by these two methods may lead to differenttemporal peaks, which further influence the sensitivity of distributions to the most frequent life event categories.
The Role of Father Involvement in Physical and Relational Victimization: Evidence From Turkish Preschool Boys
(2017) Franko, I; Gönültaş, S; Sümer, O; Müren, Hatice Melis; Güney, Onuray; Selcuk, B
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The Unique Role of Fathers Besides Mothers on Child Outcomes in Turkey
(2017) Niehues W; Müren, Hatice Melis; Güney, Onuray; Selcuk B
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