Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11779/1934
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Article Ecologically Negotiated Student Motivation: A Multi-Perspective Qualitative Study through Self-Determination Theory and Ecological Systems Theory(Springer, 2026) Gkontelos, Angelos; Vasilaki, Eleni; Mavrogianni, Aristea; Vasiou, Aikaterini; Vleioras, Georgios; Altan, ServetThis qualitative study examined how student motivation is described, supported, and understood by students, teachers, and parents in the Greek school located in Gökçeada (Imvros), Turkey. Drawing on Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory (EST), the study addressed three questions: (a) how students interpret their motivation in daily school life, (b) how teachers and parents observe and foster motivation, and (c) how relational, institutional, and cultural factors shape motivational experiences across ecological levels. Data were collected through four focus group interviews with lower secondary school students (N = 6), upper secondary school students (N = 6), teachers (N = 4), and parents (N = 5), and analyzed thematically using a combined inductive-deductive approach. Participants described motivational experiences that could be situated along the SDT continuum (from disengagement to interest/enjoyment), while inductive themes across stakeholder accounts also highlighted teacher influence, perceived competence, and parental scaffolding. Teachers tended to emphasize structure, discipline, and observable engagement, whereas parents highlighted cultural identity, routines, and long-term aspirations. Viewed through an ecological lens, motivation was described as co-constructed across systems: microsystem relationships, mesosystem home-school alignment, exosystem institutional constraints, macrosystem cultural hybridity, and chronosystem disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic. By integrating SDT with EST analytically, the study demonstrates how the quality of motivational regulation is co-constructed across systems rather than residing solely within individual students. The findings offer context-sensitive insights into motivational processes in minority and bilingual school environments and highlight the importance of examining stakeholder perspectives comparatively to understand convergences and misalignments in motivational support.Article Bisexuals Are Just Greedy!: Developing the Bisexual Myths Scale and Testing Its Preliminary Psychometrics in Heterosexual and Bisexual Plus Samples(Springer, 2025) Zurnaci, Burcu; Demirtas, Ezgi Toplu; Toplu Demirtaş, EzgiIntroductionBisexual myths refer to misconceptions, prejudices, and stereotypes about bisexuality and the relationships of bisexual+ (bi+) individuals. Research on these myths has been limited, partly due to the absence of a measurement tool. This study aimed to develop and validate the Bisexual Myths Scale (Bisex-M), a standardized instrument for assessing both bisexual myths held by heterosexual individuals and internalized bisexual myths among bisexual individuals.MethodsAcross three independent studies, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Bisex-M. Study 1 used a predominantly heterosexual sample to conduct an exploratory factor analysis. Studies 2 and 3, using heterosexual and bisexual samples respectively, tested the factor structure through confirmatory factor analyses and examined concurrent validity indicators.ResultsIn Study 1, exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure consisting of Bisexual Identity (nine items, eigenvalue = 8.995; 59.97% variance) and Bisexual Relationships (six items, eigenvalue = 1.536; 10.24% variance). Participants who had bisexual acquaintances endorsed fewer myths, while religiosity, conservatism, and negative attitudes toward gay and lesbian individuals were positively associated with myth endorsement. The two-factor structure was confirmed in Study 2 using a primarily heterosexual sample and again in Study 3 using an entirely bisexual sample. In Study 3, higher levels of internalized bisexual myths were also associated with increased psychological intimate partner violence perpetration.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the Bisex-M is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring both externally held bisexual myths within heterosexual samples and internalized bisexual myths among bisexual individuals. The scale demonstrated consistent psychometric strength across diverse samples.Policy ImplicationsThe Bisex-M provides researchers, clinicians, and educators with a practical tool for identifying and addressing myth-related biases. Its use may support interventions aimed at reducing bisexual stigma and inform policies that promote the social and relational well-being of bi+ populations.Article Citation - WoS: 17Citation - Scopus: 19Stay Motivated and Carry On: a Meta-Analytic Investigation of Motivational Regulation Strategies and Academic Achievement, Motivation, and Self-Regulation Correlates(Amer Psychological Assoc, 2024) Fong, Carlton J.; Altan, Servet; Gonzales, Cassandra; Kirmizi, Mehmet; Adelugba, Semilore F.; Kim, Yeo-eunMotivational regulation, or the way learners purposefully initiate, maintain, or supplement their willingness for task engagement and completion, has been an important area of research in educational psychology. However, despite the surge of research on this topic, it remains unclear how specific motivational regulation strategies relate to learners' academic performance, motivation, and other forms of self-regulation. Based on findings from 55 studies (67 unique samples), we found a range of positive correlations among 10 types and subtypes of motivational regulation strategies and the following variables: academic achievement (rs = .01-.15), motivation (effort, rs = .11-.52; value perceptions, rs = .21-.35; and competence beliefs, rs = .22-.40), and self-regulation (cognitive, rs = .28-.51; behavioral, rs = .10-.33). Moderator results indicated that the magnitudes of associations among motivational regulation strategies and achievement and self-regulation varied by grade level and geographic region. Intercorrelations among motivational regulation strategies indicated wide-ranging degrees of overlap across strategies. Using meta-analytic structural equation modeling, we explored how motivational regulation strategies indirectly related to achievement through motivational beliefs and how self-regulatory factors were precursors to motivational regulation. Our meta-analytic findings shed light upon which motivational regulation strategies might be most adaptive for academic achievement, motivation, and self-regulation, and identified for whom and under what circumstances specific strategies can be most adaptively used.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 4Exploring Habits of Mind Associated With Incremental Learning Theory To Explain Actions of Teachers Integrating Environmental Education(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Lane, Jennie F.; Franzen, Rebecca L.; Altan, ServetThis study was launched after re-analyzing teacher narratives from an earlier study; the narratives were reflections on environmental education practices. The analysis involved using a framework that relates Habits of Mind to educational theories. An unsurprising outcome was finding Habits of Mind associated with mindfulness and constructivism. An unanticipated finding was to learn how incremental learning theory explains why teachers strive to include environmental education in their lessons. Although there has been environmental research related to growth and fixed mindsets, more studies in environmental education are needed to explore how incremental learning theory plays a role in the decisions and actions of exemplary environmental educators. Therefore, to begin this exploration, a new study was conducted using the framework to analyze interviews with ten currently practicing teachers. The findings give insights into the following Habits of Mind associated with incremental beliefs: wonderment and awe, continuous learning, striving for accuracy, risk-taking, and persistence.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 5Exploring Attitudes Toward "sugar Relationships" Across 87 Countries: a Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship(Springer, 2023) Putz, Adam; Kowal, Marta; Bandi, Szabolcs A; Kocsor, Ferenc; Toplu-Demirtaş, Ezgi; Láng, András; Meskó, Norbert; Han, HyeminThe current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures showed adequate psychometric properties in all languages (except the Persian version of ASR-YWMS). Results partially supported our hypotheses and were consistent with previous theoretical considerations and empirical evidence on human mating. For example, at the individual level, sociosexual orientation, traditional gender roles, and pathogen prevalence were significant predictors of both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS. At the country level, gender inequality and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. However, being a woman negatively predicted the ASR-OMWS, but positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. At country-level, ingroup favoritism and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-OMWS. Furthermore, significant cross-subregional differences were found in the openness to sugar relationships (both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS scores) across subregions. Finally, significant differences were found between ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS when compared in each subregion. The ASR-YWMS was significantly higher than the ASR-OMWS in all subregions, except for Northern Africa and Western Asia.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 3Seeding a Change in Knowledge About, Attitudes Towards and Perceptions of Dating Violence in Turkish Prospective Counselors: the Effectiveness of a Train-The Prevention Program(Springer, 2023) Aracı İyiaydın, Ayşegül; Toplu Demirtaş, Ezgi; Toplu-Demirtas, Ezgi; Araci-Iyiaydin, AysegulPurpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a twelve-week train-the-trainer program on dating violence (DV) prevention which we called ‘Love is Beautiful without Violence’, deliver it to prospective counselors and assess its effectiveness concerning changing their knowledge about, attitudes towards and perceptions of DV. The study was implemented in Turkey, where the prevalence of DV is quite high and college/school-based prevention programs are very limited in research. We adopted a feminist perspective for developing the program, facilitating an anti-hierarchical, egalitarian and empowering group environment. Method: In Study 1, a pre-test/post-test control group design (n = 31 for experimental; n = 39 for control) was used, and in Study 2 (n = 35), a similar pre-test/post-test group design without a control group was employed. Results: One-way ANCOVAs in Study 1 showed significant changes in counselor candidates’ post-test scores in knowledge, attitudes and perceptions between the control and experimental groups. Repeated-measures t-tests in Study 2 replicated the results, showing significant post-test changes. Conclusion: The rights-based train-the-trainer program seems to offer an effective way to approach DV prevention by rejecting hierarchies, promoting equality, empowerment and interactivity, and utilizing material and technology in its design. We highly recommend replicating it with diverse samples of prospective and in-service counselors.Article Citation - WoS: 26Citation - Scopus: 30Correction To: Validation of the Short Version (tls-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (tls-45) Across 37 Language(Springer, 2023) Dinić, Bojana M.; Sorokowski, Piotr; Toplu Demirtaş, Ezgi; Frederick, David A.; Pisanski, Katarzyna; Kowal, Marta; Gjoneska, Biljana; Sternberg, Robert J.Love is a phenomenon that occurs across the world and affects many aspects of human life, including the choice of, and process of bonding with, a romantic partner. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to quantify love is Sternberg’s 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, our literature review reveals that most studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. Here, aiming to achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, we developed a short version of the scale—the TLS-15—comprised of 15 items with 5-point, rather than 9-point, response scales. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test–retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provide support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which can be used as a measure of love components—either separately or jointly as a three-factor measure.Book Part Gender-Based Exclusion in Turkish Schools(Springer International Publishing, 2023) Acar, MelikeThis chapter explores understandings of gender-based exclusionary practices in Turkish educational settings and illustrates the theme of the "everydayness" of such practices through empirical studies from Turkey. A social domain theory is introduced that explains how children and young people evaluate gender-based exclusionary attitudes and practices, and suggestions are made about how teachers and schools can help to challenge gender-based discrimination and stigmatisation. It is also argued that national education policy related to inclusion is too narrowly focused and its scope should be widened to include sexual minorities and gender-based discrimination and exclusion. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 9Are the Paths To Victim-Blaming Paved With Hostile Sexism, Honor System Justification, and Fragile Masculinity? Evidence From Men in Turkey(Springer, 2023) Toplu-Demirtaş, Ezgi; Öztemur, GizemVictim-blaming is a source of deep concern for survivors of violence since it is linked to feelings of shame, guilt, and embarrassment, as well as less help-seeking behaviors, fear of being known by others, and fear of revenge by the perpetrator. In cases of intimate partner violence, cultural and individual factors such as sexism, honor system endorsement, and fragile masculinity beliefs all play a part in determining who is to blame. This study, therefore, aimed to examine the mechanisms relating hostile sexism to victim-blaming of men from an honor culture, where one's self-worth is dependent on the judgments of others, and men are assigned to safeguard the family's honor. In total, 252 men from Turkey participated in the study. Hostile sexism, supporting honor norms, and fragile masculinity beliefs of men predicted more victim-blaming in a male to female partner violence depicted through a date rape scenario. Supporting honor norms and fragile masculinity beliefs mediated the association between hostile sexism and victim-blaming. Findings suggested that questioning honor codes and masculine ideas may reduce victim-blaming. Implications of the findings for prevention efforts and future studies are highlighted.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 5Internalized Heterosexism and Exposed Psychological Intimate Partner Violence: Experiences of Lesbian and Bisexual Women in Turkey and Denmark(Springer Publishing Co, 2023) Aracı-İyiaydın, Ayşegül; Toplu-Demirtaş, Ezgi; Ummak, Esra; Toplu-Demirta, EzgiThe current study investigates how associations between internalized heterosexism (IH) and psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization differ for lesbian vs. bisexual (LB) women in Denmark, where queer people are relatively well accepted, and Turkey, where discrimination is still very high. The first purpose of the current study is to explore differences in the prevalence of psychological IPV victimization as a function of sexual orientation (LB women) and country (Denmark and Turkey). As the second purpose, we look at the moderating role of sexual orientation and moderated moderating role of country on the association between IH and psychological IPV victimization. A sample of 257 LB women aged 18-71 years (M = 33.23, SD = 11.15) from Denmark and 152 LB women aged 18-52 years (M = 28.88, SD = 7.70) from Turkey participa- ted. The results of chi-square analyses indicate that LB women from Turkey reported significantly higher psychological IPV victimization than LB women from Denmark. Lesbian than bisexual women from both countries reported more hostile withdrawal and dominance/intimidation-related psychological IPV victimization. The results of moderated moderation analyses reveal that lesbian women in Turkey and bisexual women in Denmark with higher IH were more likely to report experiencing denigration acts. Mental health professionals working with queer psychological IPV survivors may benefit from understanding that IH is associated with LB women's victimization of psychologi- cal IPV, which might be further associated with mental health challenges.