Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bölümü Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11779/1940
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Article Effect of Belief in Free Will on the Intensity of Third-Party Punishment(Istanbul University Press, 2025) Çakar, Tuna; Erözden, Ozan; Akyürek, Güçlü; Özen, Zeynep; Şahin, Türkay; Keskin, İrem Nur; Ünlü, Meryem; 02.02. Department of Computer Engineering; 02. Faculty of Engineering; 05. Faculty of Law; 01. MEF UniversityThe institutionalized criminal justice mechanisms are built on two psychological and social traits: third-party punishment (TPP) and belief in free will (BFW). TPP is the administration of a sanction to a transgressor by an individual not affected by the transgression. BFW posits that humans are in control of their actions. Previous studies have indicated that BFW influences TPP. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the level of BFW has an impact on the magnitude of punishment in TPP tasks. Furthermore, it questions whether the degree of affective arousal of the punisher creates an additional effect on the magnitude of the punishment. Our basic hypothesis is that the BFW and punishment magnitude are positively correlated. We also hypothesize that the expected positive correlation between BFW and punishment magnitude will be more manifest in low-affect scenarios than in high-affect ones. Participants (N = 726) were given 49 hypothetical crime scenarios categorized as low- and high-affect cases. Upon reading each scenario, the participants were tasked to attribute a penalty between the two given options. Our results showed that the level of BFW was positively correlated with the degree of punishment administered in the hypothetical crime scenarios and that the average punishment magnitude for participants with a low level of BFW increased in the high-affect crime scenarios. We assume that our results would shed light on the underlying causes of public reactions to criminal sentencing policies, thus helping lawmakers in enacting better regulations in this respect. 2025. Çakar, T., Akyürek, G., Erözden, O., Şahin, T., Keskin, İ. N., Ünlü, M., Özen, D. H. & Özen, Z.Book Part Özgür İrade İnancının Cezalandırma Davranışına Etkisi(Zoe Kitap, 2021) Akyürek, Güçlü; Çakar, Tuna; Erözden, Ozan; Çakar, Tuna; Akyürek, Güçlü; 02.02. Department of Computer Engineering; 05. Faculty of Law; 02. Faculty of Engineering; 01. MEF UniversityÖzgür irade kavramı kişinin aldığı kararlarda ve gerçekleştirdiği davranışlarda ilk neden olabilme yetisini ifade eder. Kişi, önceki herhangi bir belirlenmiş olguya mutlak anlamda tabi olmaksızın karar alabiliyor ve davranışta bulunabiliyorsa özgür iradesiyle hareket ediyor demektir. Bu içeriğiyle özgür iradenin gerçeklikte mevcut olup olmadığı ya da özgür iradenin varlığından söz ede- bilmek için ilk neden olma özelliğinin tüm karar ve davranışlara yayılmasının gerekip gerekmediği soruları üzerinde filozoflar Antik çağlardan beri tartışıyorlar. 20. Yüzyılın son çeyreği iti- barıyla, davranışsal ve bilişsel nörobilim ile davranış psikolojisi dalları kapsamındaki araştırmacılar da söz konusu tartışmaya müdahil oldular. Bu müdahale ile özgür irade tartışması deney- sel, uygulamalı çalışmalar aracılığıyla da yürütülebilir hale geldi.Conference Object The Neural Correlates of the Effect of Belief in Free Will on Third-Party Punishment: an Optical Brain Imaging (fnirs) Study(Cognitive Science Society, 2022) Çakar, Tuna; Akyürek, Güçlü; Akyürek, Güçlü; Şahin, Türkay; Özen, Zeynep; Çakar, Tuna; Erözden, Ozan; Özen, Zeynep; 02.02. Department of Computer Engineering; 05. Faculty of Law; 02. Faculty of Engineering; 01. MEF UniversityThird party punishment (TPP), or altruistic punishment, is specifically human prosocial behavior. TPP denotes the administration of a sanction to a transgressor by an individual that is not affected by the transgression. In some evolutionary accounts, TPP is considered crucial for the stability of cooperation and solidarity in larger groups formed by genetically unrelated individuals. Belief in free will (BFW), on the other hand, is the idea that humans have control over their behavior. BFW is a human universal notion that, in some studies, has been found to be supportive of prosocial behavior. In our study, we examined the effect of BFW on TPP under high and low affect scenarios through optical brain imaging (fNIRS). We hypothesized that in low affect cases, there would be a positive correlation between the strength of the BFW and the severity of the punishment inflicted. Obtained results and related statistical analyses indicate that participants with higher degree of BFW have more neural activation in their right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (hbo and hbt measures) in high affect scenarios, whereas the participants with lower degree of BFW have higher levels of neural activation in the medial PFC (hbo and hbt measures) in low affect scenarios. These empirical findings are in line with the research findings in the relevant academic literature and support the hypothesis that the degree of BFW influences punishment decisions.