Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11779/1939
Browse
58 results
Search Results
Article A Discourse Analysis of Bilateral Water Agreements Between Türkiye and Iraq: Legal Instruments of Water Diplomacy in the Euphrates-Tigris River Basin(International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, 2026) Güleç, Cansu; Kibaroglu, AysegulThis study examines the discursive dynamics of bilateral water diplomacy between T & uuml;rkiye and Iraq through a detailed analysis of the legal agreements governing the Euphrates-Tigris (ET) River system. Rather than focusing on the implementation or efficacy of these agreements, the paper investigates how discourse shapes the roles, identities, and power hierarchies of the involved actors over time. Employing a discourse-analytical framework, the research explores how water agreements position actors, embed values, and narrate cooperation in evolving geopolitical contexts. The paper begins with a historical overview of transboundary water relations in the ET basin, emphasizing the prevalence of bilateralism. It then lays out the conceptual and methodological foundations of discourse analysis, drawing on key literature and analytical categories such as presupposition, predication, and subject positioning. The core section applies this framework to four key water agreements between T & uuml;rkiye and Iraq, highlighting thematic shifts and evolving actor roles. A discussion section synthesizes findings through Doty's (1993) discourse model, emphasizing how identities and relations are constructed over time. Finally, the conclusion reflects on the implications of these discursive trends for the future of water diplomacy in the region. The T & uuml;rkiye-Iraq case reveals how bilateral agreements can evolve into discursive tools that align with evolving global water management paradigms, offering politically sensitive basins a transferable approach to linking contested transboundary water issues with more comprehensive and partnership-based water diplomacy.Book Part Historical Review of Formal and Informal Water Institutions in the Euphrates-TigrisRegion with a Specific Focus on WaterRelations between Turkey and Iraq(World Scientific Publishing Company, 2025) Kibaroğlu, AyşegülThis chapter will portray and critically analyze waterinstitutions in the ET basin, be they intangible principles and rules that areadopted in stakeholder practices, or formal or informal organizational structuresthat have been established by the respective states or non-governmental entities.Particular attention will be paid to the current institutional frameworks, such asbilateral high-level political and bureaucratic dialogue between Turkey and Iraqas well as the science-diplomacy and capacity development initiatives that havebeen developed in the midst of the prolonged crisis in the region. The chapter willalso analyze the evolution of national water management institutions, particularlyas they relate to river basin planning and sectoral (i.e., irrigation) water policy andmanagement issues. The analysis of interactions between transboundary andnational water management institutions will be enriched by focusing on the grow-ing role of civil society organizations in war-torn Syria where national and trans-boundary institutions did not have significant weight during the ongoing conflict.Article Towards Water Regionalism? Examining the Linkages Between Water, Infrastructures, and Regionalism in Turkey(Routledge, 2024) Sayan, R.C.; Bilgen, A.; Kibaroğlu, A.Moving beyond the purely material understanding of infrastructures, new perspectives in infrastructural regionalism assert that infrastructures and regions simultaneously shape each other. Drawing on this reciprocal relationship, we introduce the concept of ‘water regionalism’ to examine how regional factors, dynamics, and complexities shape water infrastructures, and how water infrastructures concurrently shape regions. Through qualitative research methodologies, we empirically demonstrate how this concept operates in practice by examining the history of regional planning and hydraulic infrastructure development in Turkey, particularly the process of how the South-eastern Anatolia Project (GAP) and the GAP region have shaped each other since the 1970s. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 1The Evolution of Water Diplomacy Frameworks: The Euphrates-Tigris Basin as a Case Study(Springer, 2024) Kibaroğlu, AyşegülWater diplomacy encompasses the processes and institutions through which the national interests and identities of sovereign states are represented to one another. It is enshrined in international law, which states use to explain and justify their policies to concerned actors in the international system. States mostly prefer traditional tools of water diplomacy such as negotiation and mediation to resolve disputes in transboundary river basins. This chapter explores water diplomacy along with its main principles and actors. On the one hand, the state has been the main actor in shaping transboundary water policies and conducting water diplomacy throughout the last few decades of water disputes. On the other hand, international organizations, international financial agencies, non-governmental organizations, and science-policy (Track II) initiatives also participate in water diplomacy. A brief discussion of emerging water diplomacy approaches is followed by a case study on the evolution of water diplomacy frameworks in the Euphrates-Tigris river basin.Article Water Management as a Tool for Conflict Prevention: the Case of the Mena Region(Deutsches Orient-Institut, 2023) Kibaroğlu, Ayşegül; Sümer, V.The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is suffering from varying degrees of a water crisis. While the region's water challenge is an enduring one, new problems add layers of complexity and perhaps fragility and instability. Meeting the water challenge requires a better governance of water resources, both internal and transboundary; with a view to constantly renewing the infrastructure and adopting modern technologies. Improved water management, in turn, will contribute to the amelioration of the existing conflicts in the region whether local, country-based or regional. © 2023 Deutsches Orient-Institut. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 2Turkiye's Water Security Policy: Energy, Agriculture, and Transboundary Issues(SETA Foundation, 2022) Kibaroğlu, AyşegülWater security refers to the availability of adequate quantities and qualities of water for societal needs and resilient ecosystems in the context of current conditions and future global change. Achieving water security is directly linked to food and energy security, protecting and preserving eco systems, and addressing key vulnerabilities and risks from climate change. Good water governance –including transboundary cooperation– is a crit ical feature of any effort to achieve water security. Yet the concept of water security remains abstract and broad. In an attempt to make the concept of water security-relevant in practice, this paper delineates Türkiye’s water se curity policy and practices through institutional and cross-sectoral (energy and food) analysis. Specific attention is paid to Türkiye’s transboundary water security policies.Article Citation - WoS: 47Citation - Scopus: 70Barriers in Participative Water Governance: a Critical Analysis of Community Development Approaches(MDPI, 2022) Shunglu, Raghav; Withanachchi, Chandana Rohana; Kibaroǧlu, Ayşegül; Köpke, Sören; Kanoi, Lav; Nissanka, Thushantha S.; Gamage, Deepika U.; Withanachchi, Sisira S.; Koepke, SoerenParticipatory approaches within development programs involving common-pool resources are intended to revive a community’s role in managing these resources. Certainly, to ensure the successful and equitable use of such resources, community participation is essential. However, in many cases, attempts at applying a participatory approach often fail to genuinely engage all subgroups within a community due to assumptions of homogeneity and a lack of understanding of the deep socio-political divisions between people. As a result, development programs can be plagued by these pre-existing power relations, potentially resulting in tokenistic community participation and the continuation of elite capture of natural resources to the same extent or worse than before a development program has begun. This in turn can negatively impact good governance and the fair distribution of a common pool resource. This paper explores the use of participatory approaches in water projects, assessing to what degree power relationships impact water management programs. Using a qualitative approach, the paper identifies key challenges of participatory water governance through case studies from Turkey, India, and Sri Lanka, exploring: lack of social trust, elite capture of participatory processes, power heterogeneity and imbalances at the micro-level, and a lack of inclusive participation in decision-making. Based on the analysis of these case studies, this paper argues that it is essential for participatory development interventions to understand socio-political power relations within a community—an inherently complex and contested space. The so-called “exit strategy” of a community project play a key role to decide the project sustainability that grants the “community ownership” of the project. Such an understanding can bring about greater success in development interventions attempting to address water-related issues.Book Part Sustainability of Engineered Rivers in Arid Lands(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Kibaroğlu, AyşegülThe water question emerged on the international agenda in the Euphrates–Tigris (ET) basin when the three riparian nations, namely Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, initiated major water and land resources development projects in the late 1960s. The political linkages established between transboundary water issues and nonriparian security issues also exacerbated the disagreements over water sharing and allocation. In 1987 and 1990, two bilateral Euphrates water sharing protocols were negotiated. They are acknowledged by all riparian states as being interim agreements. However, these bilateral accords failed to include basic components of sustainable water resources management, namely water quality management, environmental protection, and stakeholder engagement. In the early 1980s, the Euphrates–Tigris basin countries created an institutional framework, namely the Joint Technical Committee. However, they did not empower the committee with a clear and jointly agreed mandate. Instead, the riparian countries continued unilateral and uncoordinated water and land development ventures. Impacts of climate change add to the already complex list of management shortcomings. The basin is one of the most affected regions. The findings of science project significant decreases in the Tigris and Euphrates flows. Examining the water–food–energy nexus in the ET basin is important because there are serious pressures on the river system due to population growth, agricultural practices, hydropower development, and ecosystem mismanagement. We recommend that transboundary institutions should apply the nexus approach, which helps to identify key development drivers as well as to unpack and clarify the development challenges and necessary tradeoffs in the basin. Sustainability of water resources requires stability, cooperation, and peace. The sub-state level conflicts and illegal control of water resources and water infrastructure in the basin deprive people of access to sufficient clean water, energy, and food resources in Syria and Iraq. The prerequisites for establishing or restoring sustainability in a river basin include stability as well as establishing participatory, transparent, inclusive, and accountable governance structures.Book Part Conclusion: What We Found and What We Recommend(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Kibaroğlu, Ayşegül; Schmandt, Jurgen; Ward, George H.This interdisciplinary volume examines how nine arid or semi-arid river basins with thriving irrigated agriculture are doing now and how they may change between now and mid-century. The rivers studied are the Colorado, Euphrates-Tigris, Jucar, Limarí, Murray-Darling, Nile, Rio Grande, São Francisco, and Yellow. Engineered dams and distribution networks brought large benefits to farmers and cities, but now the water systems face multiple challenges, above all climate change, reservoir siltation, and decreased water flows. Unchecked, they will see reduced food production and endanger the economic livelihood of basin populations.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 1Better Basin Management With Stakeholder Participation(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Schmandt, Jurgen; Kibaroğlu, AyşegülThis interdisciplinary volume examines how nine arid or semi-arid river basins with thriving irrigated agriculture are doing now and how they may change between now and mid-century. The rivers studied are the Colorado, Euphrates-Tigris, Jucar, Limarí, Murray-Darling, Nile, Rio Grande, São Francisco, and Yellow. Engineered dams and distribution networks brought large benefits to farmers and cities, but now the water systems face multiple challenges, above all climate change, reservoir siltation, and decreased water flows. Unchecked, they will see reduced food production and endanger the economic livelihood of basin populations.