Hukuk Fakültesi Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11779/1935
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Book Part Determining Effects of Authoritarianism on Executive Power and Public Administration in Turkey(Springer, 2023) Sevinç, Zeliha HacımuratlarThe increasingly authoritarian regime in Turkey has been the subject of many studies in constitutional law and political science. As per the planned neoliberal policies put into action, the role of the state was redefined in 2001 and new elements were added to the administrative structure to play that role. Although the authoritarianism was being experienced with all these aspects in Turkey, a threshold was crossed especially with the experience of the state of emergency of 2016–2018. Clearly, Turkey can no longer be described as a constitutional democracy after the thresholds it has crossed on the way to authoritarianism. What made this transition easy is the legacy of the political regime/culture and public law that has carried on from the past. It can be said that even if Turkey’s shortcomings in terms as organization in line with the requirements of a pluralist, participatory, and deliberative democracy, and the rule of law during the time of the 1982 Constitution did not render today’s authoritarian order mandatory, it has certainly made it possible. In this section, I will examine the transformation effects of the authoritarianism that Turkey has experienced since the 2000s on the executive and administrative organization in the context of the rule of law and pluralist, participatory, and deliberative democracy.Conference Object The Impact of the Force Majeure on Contractual Obligatıons Special Report on the United Nations Convention on The Contracts for The International Sales of Goods (cisg)(International Academy of Comparative Law, 2022) Kapancı, Kadir BerkThe effect of force majeure on contracts has possibly been the most debated subject of the law of contracts in the past two years. In this report, the effect of force majeure on the contracts for the international sale of goods will be analyzed withi n the context of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). Even though the CISG does not directly refer the concept offorce majeure, the issue is dealt with under the highly controversial article 79 of the CISG. In this report, the conditions and consequences of exemption from liability under the article 79 will be examined.Article The Scope of Application of Turkish Groups of Companies Law Provisions(Mef Üniversitesi, 2022) Özcanlı, Beril FatmaThe new Turkish Commercial Code (TCC) has introduced the notion of groups of companies, however it does not entail anyprovisions with regards to the scope of application of the provisions. After the enactment of the TCC, a new Trade RegistryRegulation (TRR) was adopted. Article 105 TRR stipulated the scope of application with regards to the groups of company lawprovisions of the TCC. According to that, at least three commercial companies, one of which is a controlling and two of whichare dependent companies, are required for the formation of a group of companies. In cases where the controlling entity is anenterprise, the number of dependent companies must exceed two, i.e. the existence of at least three dependent companiesare required. However according to Art. 195/4 TCC companies that are directly or indirectly affiliated with the controllingcompany form the group of companies together with it. This paper is trying to examine the relationship between these twoprovisions from the hierarchy of norms perspective. Within this regard, also provisions of the German Stock Corporation Act(AktG- Aktiengesetz) and their scope of application is considered, as the provisions of the AktG regarding the corporate groupsare a fundamental source for the Turkish legislation.Article Grevci Sendikanın Grev Uygulanan Ünitede Üye Kaybı Sonucu Grevin Sona Erdirilmesi ve Toplu İş Sözleşmesi Yetkisinin Düşüp Düşmeyeceği(MEF Üniversitesi, 2022) Akyiğit, Ercan6356 sayılı Kanun md. 75/6 hükmü, mülga 2822 sayılı Kanun md. 51/4 ile öz itibariyle benzerdir. Ancak Anayasanın kanunönünde eşitlik (AY. 10), olumsuz sendika özgürlüğüne (AY. 51), işçilerin toplu iş sözleşmesi yapma (AY. 53) ve aslında sendikahakkının bir uzantısı ve doğal içeriğine dahil sayılan grev hakkına (AY. 54) aykırı hükümler taşımaktadır. Hükmün bir an evvelAYM tarafından iptali ve yasa koyucu tarafından da grev oylamasının daha anlamlı ve içerikçe doygun olarak düzenlenmesigerekmektedir.Book Part The rights of the child in Turkey(Springer, 2022) Başoğlu, Başak; Kapancı, Kadir BerkChildren are the core element and the future of a society. However, they are also relatively weak and thus need to be specially protected. Turkish private law, in line with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, provides a variety of rights to children. The basic rights of the children are regulated under the Turkish Civil Code of 2002. Furthermore, the Turkish Labor Code of 2003, Turkish Penal Code of 2005, Turkish Criminal Procedural Code of 2005, Child Protection Code of 2005 and the Law on the Protection of the Family and the Prevention of Violence Against Women of 2013 also provide special rights and protective measures for children. Accordingly, this paper aims to present an overview of children’s basic rights and the protection mechanisms for children under Turkish Civil Code.Conference Object The Neural Correlates of the Effect of Belief in Free Will on Third-Party Punishment: an Optical Brain Imaging (fnirs) Study(Cognitive Science Society, 2022) Çakar, Tuna; Akyürek, Güçlü; Erözden, Ozan; Şahin, Türkay; Keskin, İrem Nur; Ünlü, Meryem; Özen, Deniz Hazal; Özen, ZeynepThird party punishment (TPP), or altruistic punishment, is specifically human prosocial behavior. TPP denotes the administration of a sanction to a transgressor by an individual that is not affected by the transgression. In some evolutionary accounts, TPP is considered crucial for the stability of cooperation and solidarity in larger groups formed by genetically unrelated individuals. Belief in free will (BFW), on the other hand, is the idea that humans have control over their behavior. BFW is a human universal notion that, in some studies, has been found to be supportive of prosocial behavior. In our study, we examined the effect of BFW on TPP under high and low affect scenarios through optical brain imaging (fNIRS). We hypothesized that in low affect cases, there would be a positive correlation between the strength of the BFW and the severity of the punishment inflicted. Obtained results and related statistical analyses indicate that participants with higher degree of BFW have more neural activation in their right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (hbo and hbt measures) in high affect scenarios, whereas the participants with lower degree of BFW have higher levels of neural activation in the medial PFC (hbo and hbt measures) in low affect scenarios. These empirical findings are in line with the research findings in the relevant academic literature and support the hypothesis that the degree of BFW influences punishment decisions.Book Part A Turkish law perspective on the right to be forgotten(Springer, 2020) Kapancı, Kadir Berk; Paksoy, Meliha SerminSince the rule is changed from easily forget to easily remember thanks to the digital Internet platforms, the question if there should be a right to be forgotten consecrated to individuals has become a frequently asked question with - of -course no “one correct answer” in different legal systems all around the world. Turkish legal practice has also encountered different cases where the question if a right to be forgotten should be recognized/accorded or not. Thus, the concept itself and discussions thereon prove to be heated nowadays among legal scholars. Accord- ingly, this article mainly aims to legally analyze the newly emerging concept “the right to be forgotten” and its potential practical impacts to the existing or future Internet technologies, in light of the Turkish legislations and existing case law.Conference Object Are Happy Families All Alike? - a Turkish Perspective on Corporate Governance in Family Firms(2020) Palanduz, SedaCorporate law aims to mitigate conflicts of interest among corporate constituencies. Both legal scholars and lawmakers tend to assume that these are rational actors solely motivated by wealth maximization. Family firms, however, add more personal and less rational layers to the inquiry: On the one hand, family ties may enable a relationship of trust that reduces transaction and agency costs; on the other hand, the same intimacy and sentimentality may eventually create conflicts of interest among family members, make the firm vulnerable to changes in the family dynamic, or cause tensions between family and non-family shareholders. Successful family businesses have to integrate family and business governance—a job that, in many jurisdictions, is being unnecessarily complicated due to absence of proper corporate governance regimes supporting family businesses. From a Turkish perspective, this paper aims to discuss ways through which lawmakers may adopt family firm-friendly corporate governance regimes. The choice of jurisdiction is not incidental. In Turkey, where family firms play a crucial role in the national economy, there are no codes of governance or soft law measures specific to them. On the contrary, Turkish Commercial Code includes the principle of statute stringency that prohibits all deviations from legal provisions unless expressly permitted. Turkey serves as a good example to demonstrate the consequences of overlooking particularities of family firms. This paper has two central claims: First, it seeks to establish that lawmakers should prioritize default rules over mandatory ones so that family firms can tailor their articles of association to their unique circumstances through legal devices such as exit rights and share transfer restrictions. Second, it argues that in case of reluctance to negotiate legally binding instruments due to fear of impairing ties of trust and intimacy, non-binding family constitutions should be encouraged as an alternative.Conference Object Regulated social order and evolutionary adaptation(2018) Erözden, OzanIn sum my hypothesis is that juridicity is an adaptation for humans to circumvent an existential threat to the existence of the species. It is not possible to test the validity of this hypothesis in its integrality using present day neuroscientific techniques. But comparative studies examining possible links between working memory, time conception, awareness of mortality, and normative cognition in humans and other species may form a first step in this respect.