Land Owners' Disagreement and Public Intervention in Case of Urban Renewal Based on Disaster Risk
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2024
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MEF Üniversitesi
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Abstract
İnsanlığın topluluklar halinde yaşamaya başlamasının ve sanayi devriminin yaşanmasının ardından köylerden kentlere göçler başlamış, ülkemizde de bu durum 1950'li yıllardan itibaren baskın bir biçimde görülmüştür. Hal böyle olunca, kontrolsüz bir biçimde göçler başlamış ve yapılan göçler ile kentler kapasitesinin çok daha üzerinde konaklama yapılmasına maruz kalmıştır. Yaşanan yoğunluk sebebiyle kentlerde imara aykırı, sağlıksız, güvenli olmayan, düzensiz, alt yapı yetersizlikleri ile çarpık bir düzen yaşanmaya başlamıştır. Tüm bunlara ek olarak, ülkemizin deprem bölgesinde yer aldığı da düşünüldüğünde bu yerleşim biçiminin afet riskine karşı mal ve can kaybına sebebiyet vereceği de şüphesiz ortadadır. Günümüze kadar kentsel yaşama geçişi kolaylaştırmak ve sistemleştirmek adına birçok düzenleme yapılmışsa da; bu düzenlemeler uygulama alanı bulamamış, denetimler de gerektiği şekilde gerçekleştirilememiştir. Keza, denetim ve uygulamalar bir yana bırakılsın, imara ve hukuka aykırı yapılarla ilgili çıkarılan af yasalarıyla birlikte aykırılık adeta meşrulaştırılarak insanların yaşamı ve yaşam standartları hiçe sayılmıştır. Yaşanan bu olaylar ülkemizde artık gözden kaçırılmayacak bir hal almış, üstelik yakın geçmişte yaşanan depremler ile kayıplarının ardından bir yapılanma ihtiyacı hasıl olmuştur. Tam bu noktada, daha güvenli ve sağlıklı bir yaşam ile imara uygun bir kentleşme adına Kentsel Dönüşüm yasası kurtarıcı yapılmak istenmiş ve bu konuda özel bir kanun yürürlüğe girmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk kısmında kentsel dönüşümün ne olduğu, tarihçesi, amacı ve metotları ve hukuki düzenlemelere ilişkin bilgi verilmiş, ikinci kısmında kentsel dönüşümün esaslarıyla 6306 sayılı kanunun uygulama bulduğu yapılar, uygulanma biçimi, süreci ve tarafların alacağı kararlar nezdinde sürecin nasıl ilerleyeceği ile yargıya taşınması durumlarıyla ilgili detaylandırma yapılmış ve son kısmında anlaşamayan paydaşlara karşı kamunun ne şekilde müdahalelerde bulunabileceğine yer verilmiştir.
After humanity started to live in communities and the industrial revolution took place, migrations from villages to cities began, and this situation has been dominant in our country since the 1950s. As such, uncontrolled migrations began, and cities were subjected to accommodation much higher than their capacity. Due to the density, cities have begun to experience a disorderly, unorganized, insufficient infrastructure and a distorted order that is against zoning regulations and is not healthy or safe. In addition undoubtedly obvious that this type of settlement will cause loss of property and life against the risk of disaster. Although various innovations were made to simplify and systematize the city module These regulations could not be implemented and inspections could not be carried out as required. Likewise, inspections and practices aside, construction and illegal structures were legitimized with the amnesty laws and people's lives and living standards were disregarded. These events have become unmissable in our country, and it has become inevitable to make a regulation after the lost of lifes earthquakes in the recent past. At this point, Urban Renewal was intended to be a savior in the name of a safer and healthier life and urbanization suitable for development, and the special law came. At the beginning of this work, info concering what urban renewal is, its history, purpose and methods and legal regulations, and secondly, it is about principles urban renewal, structures where Law No. 6306 is applied, the way of implementation, its process and how the process will proceed according to decisions to be taken by the parties and cases of taking it to the judiciary. Details have been made and the last part includes how the public can intervene against stakeholders who cannot agree.
After humanity started to live in communities and the industrial revolution took place, migrations from villages to cities began, and this situation has been dominant in our country since the 1950s. As such, uncontrolled migrations began, and cities were subjected to accommodation much higher than their capacity. Due to the density, cities have begun to experience a disorderly, unorganized, insufficient infrastructure and a distorted order that is against zoning regulations and is not healthy or safe. In addition undoubtedly obvious that this type of settlement will cause loss of property and life against the risk of disaster. Although various innovations were made to simplify and systematize the city module These regulations could not be implemented and inspections could not be carried out as required. Likewise, inspections and practices aside, construction and illegal structures were legitimized with the amnesty laws and people's lives and living standards were disregarded. These events have become unmissable in our country, and it has become inevitable to make a regulation after the lost of lifes earthquakes in the recent past. At this point, Urban Renewal was intended to be a savior in the name of a safer and healthier life and urbanization suitable for development, and the special law came. At the beginning of this work, info concering what urban renewal is, its history, purpose and methods and legal regulations, and secondly, it is about principles urban renewal, structures where Law No. 6306 is applied, the way of implementation, its process and how the process will proceed according to decisions to be taken by the parties and cases of taking it to the judiciary. Details have been made and the last part includes how the public can intervene against stakeholders who cannot agree.
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Hukuk, Law
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